Stress Biology Lab, UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, India.
Stress Biology Lab, UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, India.
Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res. 2021 Jan-Jun;787:108368. doi: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108368. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
Redox homeostasis is imperative to maintain normal physiologic and metabolic functions. Radiotherapy disturbs this balance and induces genomic instability in diseased cells. However, radiation-induced effects propagate beyond the targeted cells, affecting the adjacent non-targeted cells (bystander effects). The cellular impact of radiation, thus, encompasses both targeted and non-targeted effects. Use of external modulators along with radiation can increase radio-therapeutic efficiency. The modulators' classification as protectors or sensitizers depends on interactions with damaged DNA molecules. Thus, it is necessary to realize the functions of various radio-sensitizers or radio-protectors in both irradiated and bystander cells. This review focuses on some modulators of radiation-induced bystander effects (RIBE) and their action mechanisms. Knowledge about the underlying signaling cross-talk may promote selective sensitization of radiation-targeted cells and protection of bystander cells.
氧化还原平衡对于维持正常的生理和代谢功能至关重要。放射治疗会破坏这种平衡，并在病变细胞中诱导基因组不稳定。然而，辐射诱导的效应会超出靶细胞传播，影响相邻的非靶细胞（旁观者效应）。因此，辐射对细胞的影响包括靶细胞和非靶细胞的效应。联合使用外部调节剂和放射治疗可以提高放射治疗的效率。调节剂的分类是保护剂还是增敏剂取决于与受损 DNA 分子的相互作用。因此，有必要了解各种辐射诱导的旁观者效应（RIBE）调节剂及其作用机制。对潜在信号转导交叉对话的认识可能会促进对辐射靶细胞的选择性增敏和对旁观者细胞的保护。
