Yeğin Gülin Feykan, Kılıç Gökhan, İşlek Seçen Elçin, Bahadır İbrahim Buğra, Taş Emre Erdem, Keskin Hüseyin Levent, Yavuz Ayşe Filiz
Ankara City Hospital, Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ankara, Turkey
Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ankara, Turkey
Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 2021 Jun 2;18(2):131-138. doi: 10.4274/tjod.galenos.2021.85282.
To evaluate the attitudes of medical students and professionals towards female genital cosmetic procedures (FGCPs) in terms of medical justification, applicability in practical life, ethical concerns, patient autonomy, and the clinical/social/psychological benefits-harms of these procedures.
A semi-structured questionnaire providing information about the attitudes of medical students and specialists (n=623) towards FGCPs including G-spot amplification, clitoral hood reduction, vaginoplasty, labia majora augmentation/reduction, labia minora augmentation/reduction, hymenoplasty, laser procedures, vulvar/perianal bleaching, and liposculpture, was completed by a target population and evaluated statistically.
Participants stated that FGCPs could be performed only upon patient request and there could rarely be a medical indication for their performance (p<0.05). Nearly half (44.5%) of the participants regarded hymenoplasty as controversial in terms of ethical issues, and 44.6% of participants do so for G-spot amplification. Over half (54.5%) of the participants agreed on the positive effect of FGCPs on improving the quality of life, 55.4% on improving self-esteem, and 54.1% on improving sexual functions of women. About half (49.3%) of respondents thought that the advertising and encouragement of FGCPs should be forbidden and 47% were indecisive about whether FGCPs constituted genital mutilation.
The majority of the participants declared that FGCPs could be performed only upon patient request and improve self-esteem, quality of life, and sexual functions. The most controversial procedures in terms of ethics were hymenoplasty and G-spot amplification. Detailed guidelines for the protection of both patients and physicians are needed because the recommendations on FGCPs are insufficient to define the boundaries of medical justification, genital mutilation, advertising, and ethical concerns.
从医学合理性、在实际生活中的适用性、伦理问题、患者自主权以及这些手术的临床/社会/心理益处-危害等方面，评估医学生和专业人士对女性生殖器美容手术（FGCPs）的态度。
一份半结构化问卷由目标人群填写并进行统计学评估，该问卷提供了医学生和专家（n = 623）对FGCPs的态度信息，包括G点增强、阴蒂包皮缩小、阴道成形术、大阴唇增大/缩小、小阴唇增大/缩小、处女膜修复术、激光手术、外阴/肛周漂白和脂肪雕塑。
参与者表示FGCPs仅应患者要求进行，并且很少有进行这些手术的医学指征（p < 0.05）。近一半（44.5%）的参与者认为处女膜修复术在伦理问题上存在争议，44.6%的参与者对G点增强也持此看法。超过一半（54.5%）的参与者认同FGCPs对改善生活质量有积极作用，55.4%认同对提高自尊有积极作用，54.1%认同对改善女性性功能有积极作用。约一半（49.3%）的受访者认为应禁止FGCPs的广告宣传和鼓励行为，47%的人对FGCPs是否构成生殖器切割犹豫不决。
大多数参与者宣称FGCPs仅应患者要求进行，且能提高自尊、生活质量和性功能。在伦理方面最具争议的手术是处女膜修复术和G点增强。由于关于FGCPs的建议不足以界定医学合理性、生殖器切割、广告宣传和伦理问题的界限，因此需要制定详细的保护患者和医生的指南。
