Birch-Iensen M, Borgström P S, Ekberg O
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Malmö Allmänna Sjukhus, University of Lund, Sweden.
Acta Radiol. 1988 Jul-Aug;29(4):407-10.
The pattern of swallowing by which the oral bolus reaches an air-containing oropharynx is called an 'open swallow' whereas the sequence in which the oropharynx is collapsed on the arrival of the bolus is called a 'closed swallow'. The significance of this distinction was further analyzed by a correlation with other laryngeal and pharyngeal functions during swallowing in a cineradiologic study in 75 dysphagic patients and 50 asymptomatic volunteers. The relative incidence of open and closed type swallows was similar in the two groups. The maximum elevation of the pharynx and larynx was the same in open and closed swallow, although in individuals with an open swallow the elevation occurred later than in individuals with a closed swallow. Epiglottic movement disturbances, defective closure of the laryngeal vestibule, pharyngeal constrictor muscle paresis, cricopharyngeal incoordination, cervical esophageal webs and Zenker diverticula were significantly more common in individuals with an open pharyngeal swallow than in those with closed swallowing.
口腔食团到达含气口咽的吞咽模式称为“开放吞咽”，而食团到达时口咽塌陷的顺序称为“封闭吞咽”。1975年一项针对75名吞咽困难患者和50名无症状志愿者的X线电影造影研究，通过将其与吞咽过程中的其他喉部和咽部功能进行关联，进一步分析了这种区别的意义。两组中开放型和封闭型吞咽的相对发生率相似。开放吞咽和封闭吞咽时，咽部和喉部的最大抬高幅度相同，尽管开放吞咽个体的抬高发生时间比封闭吞咽个体晚。会厌运动障碍、喉前庭闭合不全、咽缩肌麻痹、环咽肌不协调、颈段食管蹼和Zenker憩室在开放型咽吞咽个体中比在封闭型吞咽个体中明显更常见。
