Findlay G H
Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
Br J Dermatol. 1988 Jul;119(1):45-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb07099.x.
In 10 fatal cases of carbon monoxide poisoning an optical study of the skin colour was made by reflectance spectrophotometry, and the values converted to their visual equivalents. Several circumstances contribute to the difficulty of identifying the cherry-red colour in the skin, such as a low CO concentration, skin pigmentation, washing out of a previously high concentration of CO, and deep venous dilatation with superficial vasoconstriction producing the impression of cyanosis. The colour of the altered blood depends on the way the red cells are massed together, their depth below the surface, and the brightness of the background against which they are viewed. These phenomena were compared with the dichroism of oxyhaemoglobin. Damage to eccrine sweat acini was noted early in CO-poisoning. It was probably intensified, in those surviving longer, at skin sites of intermittent pressure anoxia.
对10例一氧化碳中毒致死病例进行了研究,采用反射分光光度法对皮肤颜色进行光学分析,并将所得数值换算为视觉等效值。有多种情况导致难以识别皮肤的樱桃红色,如一氧化碳浓度低、皮肤色素沉着、先前高浓度一氧化碳的消退,以及深部静脉扩张伴浅表血管收缩产生发绀的假象。血液变化后的颜色取决于红细胞聚集的方式、它们在表面以下的深度以及观察它们时的背景亮度。将这些现象与氧合血红蛋白的二色性进行了比较。在一氧化碳中毒早期就注意到了外分泌汗腺腺泡的损伤。在存活时间较长的患者中,在间歇性压力性缺氧的皮肤部位,这种损伤可能会加剧。