Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.
Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Oct 10;790:147999. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147999. Epub 2021 May 24.
Olea pollen concentrations have been studied in relation to the typology of air masses, pollen grain sources and marine nature during advections in a coastal enclave in the south-eastern Iberian Peninsula. Since Spain is the world's leading olive producer, and olive growing extends throughout the Mediterranean basin, this location is ideal for the study of long-distance transport events (LTD) during the main pollen season (MPS). The air masses were classified using the calculation of 48-h back trajectories at 250, 500 and 750 m above ground level using the HYSPLIT model. After that, the frequency of LDT events from Africa and Europe was found to be 8.7% of the MPS days. In contrast, regional air masses were found in 38.6% of the MPS days. This was reflected in pollen concentrations, with significantly higher concentrations (p-value <0.05) on days with regional air masses compared to days with European air masses. Regarding the source areas, the importance of nearby sources with intense olive cultivation was confirmed (i.e., Andalusia). This proximity was relevant beyond the attenuations observed when the advections acquired a marine nature as the air mass back trajectories moved over the sea (p-value <0.001). The review of air mass typologies, source areas and pollen concentrations resulted in establishing peak dates and the detection of LDT associated with these peak dates. Distortions in the typical path of each air mass explained alterations in pollen concentrations on consecutive days. The recirculation and loops of the air mass back trajectories varied the pollen load that every type of air mass could originally contain.
已研究了油橄榄花粉浓度与气团类型、花粉粒源和海洋性质之间的关系，这些气团在伊比利亚半岛东南部沿海飞地的平流过程中进行传输。由于西班牙是世界领先的橄榄油生产国，橄榄种植遍布地中海盆地，因此该地区非常适合在主要花粉季节（MPS）期间研究远距离传输事件（LTD）。使用 HYSPLIT 模型在地面以上 250、500 和 750 米处计算 48 小时后轨迹，对气团进行分类。之后，发现非洲和欧洲 LTD 事件的频率占 MPS 天数的 8.7%。相比之下，区域气团在 MPS 天数中占 38.6%。这反映在花粉浓度上，与具有欧洲气团的日子相比，具有区域气团的日子的花粉浓度明显更高（p 值<0.05）。关于源区，附近强烈种植橄榄的源区的重要性得到了证实（即安达卢西亚）。这种接近性很重要，即使在平流过程获得海洋性质并且气团后轨迹越过海洋时观察到衰减（p 值<0.001）。气团类型、源区和花粉浓度的回顾导致确定了高峰期日期，并检测到与这些高峰期日期相关的 LTD。每个气团典型路径的扭曲解释了连续几天花粉浓度的变化。气团后轨迹的再循环和循环改变了每种气团原本可能包含的花粉负荷。
