Laboratoire d'Anthropologie et de Psychologie Cliniques, Cognitives et Sociales, Université Côte d'Azur, 28 Avenue de Valrose, 06103 Nice, France; Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, 58 bd Charles Livon, 13284 Marseille, France.
Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, 58 bd Charles Livon, 13284 Marseille, France; Service d'Epileptologie et Rythmologie Cérébrale, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, 264 Rue Saint-Pierre, 13005 Marseille, France.
Epilepsy Behav. 2021 Aug;121(Pt A):108083. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108083. Epub 2021 Jun 3.
Anxiety and depression in epilepsy are strongly documented but post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is underestimated and poorly known. We studied the links between psycho-traumagenic events (TE), onset of epilepsy, and severity of PTSD symptoms in patients with epilepsy. The study included 54 patients with epilepsy and 61 controls. We used validated questionnaires to screen for anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms and we conducted an interview to measure the prevalence of TE. We developed an original exploratory questionnaire to assess the presence of PTSD during interictal and peri-ictal periods. The results show that patients reported more exposure to a TE and presented significantly more severe PTSD symptoms than controls. Seventy-eight percent of patients (vs. 52% of controls) had been exposed to a TE, and 26% (vs. 7%) had a score above the diagnostic threshold of the PTSD scale. In addition, 18.6% of patients reported that their epilepsy began at the same time as they began to experience PTSD symptoms following a TE. Patients with high PTSD scores (above the threshold, n = 14) reported significantly more depression symptoms than patients without PTSD and reported PTSD symptoms both during the ictal and peri-ictal periods. Within the whole group of patients, anxiety (72%) and depression (33%) symptoms significantly correlated with PTSD symptoms reported by the scale. This study shows that patients with epilepsy have increased prevalence of self-reported PTSD symptoms. We describe the clinical picture specific to patients with epilepsy, which may include classical PTSD symptoms but also specific peri-ictal symptoms.
癫痫患者的焦虑和抑郁问题已得到充分证实，但创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）却被低估且鲜为人知。我们研究了心理创伤性事件（TE）、癫痫发作和癫痫患者 PTSD 症状严重程度之间的联系。该研究纳入了 54 名癫痫患者和 61 名对照。我们使用经过验证的问卷筛查焦虑、抑郁和 PTSD 症状，并进行访谈以评估 TE 的患病率。我们开发了一个原始的探索性问卷，以评估癫痫发作间期和发作期 PTSD 的存在。结果表明，患者报告的 TE 暴露更多，且 PTSD 症状明显更严重。与对照组（52%）相比，78%的患者（vs. 78%）经历过 TE，26%（vs. 7%）的患者 PTSD 量表得分超过诊断阈值。此外，18.6%的患者报告称，他们的癫痫是在经历 TE 后开始出现 PTSD 症状的同一时间开始的。PTSD 得分较高（高于阈值，n=14）的患者比无 PTSD 的患者报告更多的抑郁症状，并且在癫痫发作和发作间期均报告 PTSD 症状。在所有患者中，焦虑（72%）和抑郁（33%）症状与量表报告的 PTSD 症状显著相关。本研究表明，癫痫患者 PTSD 症状的自我报告患病率增加。我们描述了癫痫患者特有的临床特征，其中可能包括经典的 PTSD 症状，还包括特定的发作期症状。
