Schmoeckel Julian, Santamaría Ruth M, Basner Roger, Schankath Elisabeth, Splieth Christian H
Zentrum für Zahn‑, Mund- und Kieferheilkunde, Abt. für Präventive Zahnmedizin & Kinderzahnheilkunde, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 42, 17475, Greifswald, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2021 Jul;64(7):772-781. doi: 10.1007/s00103-021-03341-w. Epub 2021 Jun 7.
To describe the current epidemiological trends in the dental caries experiences of children in Germany, oral health data was primarily presented on the basis of the Epidemiological Studies Accompanying Group Prophylaxis (DAJ study) for the 2015/16 schoolyear. Caries data of 301,684 children from three different age groups were available. The trends in caries development were based on previous national and regional studies conducted in Germany.Caries in the primary dentition occur very early (approx. 10-17% of 3‑year-olds) and are still widespread among 6‑ to 7‑year-olds (approx. 40-60%). The proportion of unrestored decayed primary teeth is very high (3-year-olds: 73.9%; 6 to 7‑year-olds: 42.5%). There has also been no significant improvement among 6‑ to 7‑year-olds in the last 10 years. The values for the 3‑year-olds that were nationally examined for the first time in the DAJ study are in the range of previous regional studies from recent decades. Caries prevalence among the 6‑ to 7‑year-olds shows a regional convergence. Among the 12-year-olds, mean caries experience in the permanent dentition has fallen by about 80% in the last 20 years. Regarding oral health in this age group, Germany ranks highest among countries worldwide.There is still a substantial need for oral health improvement in the primary dentition of children in Germany. Recently implemented preventive measures already focus on tackling this problem. Further improvements in caries prevention similar to those in the permanent dentition are feasible and expected.
为描述德国儿童龋齿患病情况的当前流行病学趋势，主要依据2015/16学年流行病学研究伴随群体预防（DAJ研究）呈现口腔健康数据。现有来自三个不同年龄组的301,684名儿童的龋齿数据。龋齿发展趋势基于德国此前开展的全国性和地区性研究。乳牙龋齿发病很早（约3岁儿童中有10 - 17%患病），在6至7岁儿童中仍很普遍（约40 - 60%）。未修复的乳牙龋齿比例非常高（3岁儿童：73.9%；6至7岁儿童：42.5%）。在过去10年中，6至7岁儿童的情况也没有显著改善。DAJ研究中首次进行全国性检查的3岁儿童的数据处于近几十年此前地区性研究的范围内。6至7岁儿童的龋齿患病率呈现地区趋同。在12岁儿童中，恒牙列的平均龋齿患病情况在过去20年中下降了约80%。在这个年龄组的口腔健康方面，德国在全球各国中排名最高。德国儿童乳牙列的口腔健康仍有很大改善需求。最近实施的预防措施已着眼于解决这一问题。与恒牙列类似的龋齿预防进一步改善是可行的且值得期待。
