Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608.
Department of Animal Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608.
J Dairy Sci. 2021 Sep;104(9):9664-9675. doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-19512. Epub 2021 Jun 5.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of inoculation with Lactobacillus hilgardii with or without Lactobacillus buchneri on the fermentation, chemical composition, and aerobic stability of sorghum and corn silage after 2 ensiling durations. Sorghum forage was harvested at 27% dry matter (DM; experiment 1), and different corn hybrids were harvested at late (43.8% DM; experiment 2) or normal maturity (34% DM; experiment 3). All harvested forages were chopped and ensiled in quadruplicate in vacuum-sealed nylon-polyethylene bags (40 × 61 cm) for 30 and 90 d after treatment with (1) deionized water (uninoculated) or (2) L. buchneri (1.5 × 10 cfu/g of fresh weight; LB); (3) L. hilgardii (1.5 × 10 cfu/g of fresh weight; LH); or (4) L. buchneri and L. hilgardii (1.5 × 10 cfu/g of fresh weight of each inoculant). Data for each experiment were analyzed separately accounting for the 2 × 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Inoculating sorghum forage with LB or LH separately increased acetate and 1,2 propanediol concentration, tended to increase DM loss, reduced lactate concentration and the lactate-to-acetate ratio, and increased aerobic stability after 90 but not after 30 d of ensiling. Inoculating late-harvested corn silage with LB or LH separately increased and decreased DM loss, respectively, increased 1,2 propanediol concentration, reduced lactate-to-acetate ratio and yeast counts but did not affect aerobic stability. Inoculating normal-harvested corn silage with LH reduced DM loss and increased 1,2 propanediol concentration and yeast counts; LB reduced lactate concentration, lactate-to-acetate ratio, and total acids. Either inoculant alone increased aerobic stability after 30 or 90 d. The main benefit of combining LB with LH was prevention of increases in DM losses by LH or LB separately. No improvement in aerobic stability resulted from applying LH instead of LB separately or from combining them. Application of LB or LH separately improved aerobic stability of sorghum silage after 90 d and normal-harvested corn silage after 30 or 90 d but did not affect that of late-harvested corn silage.
本研究的目的是确定在 2 个青贮期后，接种嗜热链球菌（Lactobacillus hilgardii）及其与布氏乳杆菌（Lactobacillus buchneri）联合接种对高粱和玉米青贮的发酵、化学成分和有氧稳定性的影响。试验 1 中，在干物质含量为 27%时收获高粱青贮料，试验 2 和 3 中，在晚熟（干物质含量为 43.8%）或正常成熟（干物质含量为 34%）时收获不同的玉米杂交种。所有收获的青贮料都经过切碎，然后在真空密封的尼龙-聚乙烯袋（40 × 61 厘米）中以 4 个重复进行青贮，在处理后 30 和 90 天进行（1）去离子水（未接种）或（2）布氏乳杆菌（1.5 × 10 cfu/g 鲜重；LB）；（3）嗜热链球菌（1.5 × 10 cfu/g 鲜重；LH）；或（4）布氏乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌（每种接种物 1.5 × 10 cfu/g 鲜重）。分别分析每个试验的数据，考虑到 2×2×2 因子处理安排。单独接种高粱青贮料的 LB 或 LH 分别增加了乙酸和 1,2 丙二醇的浓度，倾向于增加干物质损失，降低了乳酸浓度和乳酸-乙酸比，并增加了 90 天而不是 30 天的有氧稳定性。单独接种晚收玉米青贮料的 LB 或 LH 分别增加和减少了干物质损失，增加了 1,2 丙二醇的浓度，降低了乳酸-乙酸比和酵母计数，但不影响有氧稳定性。单独接种 LH 降低了玉米青贮料的干物质损失，增加了 1,2 丙二醇的浓度和酵母计数；LB 降低了乳酸浓度、乳酸-乙酸比和总酸。单独使用任一种接种剂都能提高 30 天或 90 天后的有氧稳定性。LB 与 LH 结合的主要好处是防止 LH 或 LB 单独使用时干物质损失的增加。单独使用 LH 或组合使用它们并不能提高有氧稳定性。单独使用 LB 或 LH 分别提高了 90 天后高粱青贮料和 30 天或 90 天后正常收获玉米青贮料的有氧稳定性，但对晚收玉米青贮料没有影响。
