Pancreas. 2021;50(5):657-666. doi: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000001829.
Diet and exercise interventions may help reverse malnutrition and muscle wasting common in pancreatic cancer. We performed a scoping review to identify the knowledge gaps surrounding diet and exercise interventions. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, ProQuest Theses and Dissertations, and Google Scholar using the umbrella terms of "pancreatic cancer," "diet/nutrition," and "exercise." Included were articles reporting on ambulatory adults with diagnosed pancreatic cancer. Excluded were studies examining prevention and/or risk, animal, or cell lines. Of the 15,708 articles identified, only 62 met the final inclusion criteria. Almost half of the articles were randomized controlled studies (n = 27). Most studies were from the United States (n = 20). The majority examined dietary interventions (n = 41), with 20 assessing the use of omega-3 fatty acids. Exercise interventions were reported in 13 studies, with 8 examining a diet and exercise intervention. Most studies were small and varied greatly in terms of study design, intervention, and outcomes. We identified 7 research gaps that should be addressed in future studies. This scoping review highlights the limited research examining the effect of diet and exercise interventions in ambulatory patients with pancreatic cancer.
饮食和运动干预措施可能有助于逆转胰腺癌中常见的营养不良和肌肉减少。我们进行了范围界定审查，以确定围绕饮食和运动干预措施的知识空白。我们使用“胰腺癌”、“饮食/营养”和“运动”这三个伞状术语，在 PubMed、Scopus、Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature、Embase、ProQuest 论文和学位论文以及 Google Scholar 上进行了搜索。纳入的文章报告了诊断为胰腺癌的门诊成年人的情况。排除了研究预防和/或风险、动物或细胞系的文章。在确定的 15708 篇文章中，只有 62 篇符合最终纳入标准。几乎一半的文章是随机对照研究（n = 27）。大多数研究来自美国（n = 20）。大多数研究都检查了饮食干预措施（n = 41），其中 20 项评估了ω-3 脂肪酸的使用。在 13 项研究中报告了运动干预措施，其中 8 项研究了饮食和运动干预措施。大多数研究规模较小，在研究设计、干预措施和结果方面差异很大。我们确定了未来研究中应该解决的 7 个研究空白。这项范围界定审查强调了在有活动能力的胰腺癌患者中，对饮食和运动干预措施的影响进行研究的研究有限。
