Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Algas e Plantas, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2021 Jun 9;16(6):e0249737. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249737. eCollection 2021.
Cyperus prophyllatus, an endangered new species of Cyperus (Cyperaceae) from an aquatic ecosystem of the Atlantic Forest, Espírito Santo State, southeastern Brazil, is described and illustrated. The spikelet morphology of Cyperus prophyllatus is unique among the c. 950 species of Cyperus in having both a conspicuous spikelet prophyll and a corky rachilla articulation, which remain persistent at the base of the spikelet after disarticulation. Our molecular phylogenetic data support the placement of C. prophyllatus in the C3 Cyperus Grade and more precisely in the clade representing Cyperus sect. Oxycaryum, which also includes C. blepharoleptos and C. gardneri. Anatomical and (micro)morphological analyses corroborate the phylogenetic results, provide a better understanding of ecology and taxonomy, as well as reveal compatibility of structures with survival and dispersion in aquatic environments. A distribution map, table with distinctive characters of allied species, and conservation status are made available.
巴西东南部大西洋森林水生生态系统中一种濒危的香附子新种——长苞香附子（莎草科香附子属）被描述并图示。长苞香附子小穗形态在约 950 种香附子中是独一无二的，具有明显的小穗先出叶和木栓质的小穗轴关节，在小穗脱落后仍保留在小穗基部。我们的分子系统发育数据支持将长苞香附子置于 C3 香附子级中，更准确地说，是在代表香附子属 Oxycaryum 组的分支中，该分支还包括 Blepharoleptos 和 Gardner 香附子。解剖学和（微观）形态学分析支持了系统发育结果，更好地理解了生态和分类学，同时也揭示了结构与水生环境中生存和扩散的兼容性。提供了分布地图、与近缘种区别特征表和保护状况。
