Sellitto Manuela, Neufang Susanne, Schweda Adam, Weber Bernd, Kalenscher Tobias
Comparative Psychology, Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Bergische Landstraße 2, 40629 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Neuroimage. 2021 Sep;238:118211. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118211. Epub 2021 Jun 8.
Generosity toward others declines across the perceived social distance to them. Here, participants chose between selfish and costly generous options in two conditions: in the gain frame, a generous choice yielded a gain to the other; in the loss frame, it entailed preventing the loss of a previous endowment to the other. Social discounting was reduced in the loss compared to the gain frame, implying increased generosity toward strangers. Using neuroimaging tools, we found that while activity in the temporoparietal junction (TPJ) and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) was associated with generosity in the gain frame, the insular cortex was selectively recruited during generous choices in the loss frame. We provide support for a network-model according to which TPJ and insula differentially subserve generosity by modulating value signals in the VMPFC in a frame-dependent fashion. These results extend our understanding of the insula role in nudging prosocial behavior in humans.
人们对他人的慷慨程度会随着与对方感知到的社会距离而降低。在此，参与者在两种情况下要在自私和代价高昂的慷慨选项之间做出选择：在收益框架中，慷慨的选择会给对方带来收益；在损失框架中，这意味着防止对方失去先前的禀赋。与收益框架相比，损失框架中的社会折扣有所降低，这意味着对陌生人的慷慨程度增加。使用神经成像工具，我们发现，虽然颞顶联合区（TPJ）和腹内侧前额叶皮层（VMPFC）的活动与收益框架中的慷慨行为有关，但在损失框架中的慷慨选择过程中，岛叶皮层会被选择性地激活。我们为一种网络模型提供了支持，根据该模型，TPJ和岛叶通过以框架依赖的方式调节VMPFC中的价值信号，以不同方式促进慷慨行为。这些结果扩展了我们对岛叶在推动人类亲社会行为中作用的理解。
