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在黑暗中摸索:跨性别和性别非二元青年性别焦虑主观体验的元综合。

Navigating in the dark: Meta-synthesis of subjective experiences of gender dysphoria amongst transgender and gender non-conforming youth.

机构信息

University of Oslo, Department of Psychology, and Oslo University Hospital, Norway.

Oslo University Hospital, Norway.

出版信息

Soc Sci Med. 2021 Jul;281:114094. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114094. Epub 2021 Jun 2.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

We conducted a meta-synthesis of qualitative research on subjective experiences of gender dysphoria (GD) amongst transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) youth in order to improve clinical encounters, complement existing knowledge and potentially influence future research.

METHODS

We systematically searched for qualitative studies on GD in English, German, Spanish and Scandinavian languages in seven databases. Starting with 2000 articles, we finally included 12 papers in the meta-synthesis, following Noblit and Hare's (1988) seven steps for qualitative meta-synthesis research.

RESULTS

Through the consistent comparison of key concepts, we were able to cluster the findings from the 12 included studies into four meta-themes: (1) the emerging understanding and awareness of GD was described as navigation in the dark, (2) the importance of relationships and societal norms, (3) the role of the body and the exploration of one's own body and (4) sexuality and sexual impulses. The young person's relation with his or her own body and sexuality influences subjective experiences of GD. The experiences are always mediated in relation with other people and societal norms, and they are both long-lasting and changing.

CONCLUSION

The phenomenological analysis indicated that GD is a complex phenomenon involving manifold factors that changes across time and place for each individual. GD is not a static phenomenon but an expression of continuous negotiation amongst the body, its impulses, sexual desire and the relationships in which each person participates. Therefore, clinicians who treat TGNC youth should help them to reflect on this developmental process over time as a complement to medical approaches.

摘要

目的

我们对跨性别和性别不一致(TGNC)青年的性别焦虑症(GD)主观体验进行了定性研究的元综合分析,旨在改善临床接触,补充现有知识并可能影响未来的研究。

方法

我们在七个数据库中系统地搜索了关于 GD 的英文、德文、西班牙文和斯堪的纳维亚文的定性研究。从最初的 2000 篇文章开始,我们最终根据 Noblit 和 Hare(1988)的定性元综合研究的七个步骤,纳入了 12 篇论文进行元综合分析。

结果

通过对关键概念的一致比较,我们能够将 12 项纳入研究的结果聚类为四个元主题:(1)GD 的逐渐理解和意识被描述为在黑暗中导航,(2)关系和社会规范的重要性,(3)身体的作用和对自身身体的探索,以及(4)性和性冲动。年轻人对自己的身体和性的关系影响了 GD 的主观体验。这些体验总是与他人和社会规范有关,而且是持久和变化的。

结论

现象学分析表明,GD 是一种复杂的现象,涉及到多种因素,这些因素在个体之间随着时间和地点的变化而变化。GD 不是一种静态的现象,而是身体、其冲动、性欲望和每个人参与的关系之间不断协商的表现。因此,治疗 TGNC 青年的临床医生应该帮助他们随着时间的推移反思这个发展过程,作为对医学方法的补充。

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