Reintgen Christian, Zeppieri Giorgio, Bruner Michelle, Horodyski MaryBeth, Waligora Andrew, Smith M Seth, Farmer Kevin W
University of Florida.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2021 Jun 1;16(3):807-815. doi: 10.26603/001c.22532.
As more athletes participate in youth baseball, there has been an associated increase in upper extremity injuries. Knowledge of baseball injury prevention guidelines continues to be developed and defined as throwing-related injuries rise. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how knowledgeable youth baseball caregivers were about safe pitching guidelines and secondarily determine pitching practices which may be associated with increased risk of player injury.
A twenty-two question survey comprised of demographic data, knowledge of overhead throwing guidelines, pitching history, presence of risk factors associated with overhead throwing and pitching habits was distributed to the caregivers of youth baseball pitchers in North Central Florida.
Eighty-three percent (81/98) of those polled were unaware of the existence of safe pitching guidelines, regardless of the pitcher's playing experience (p > 0.05). Those who pitched more than six months out of the year were significantly more prone to experience throwing arm pain after a performance (p < 0.05). Fifty-two percent (51/98) of the caregivers recalled their child having throwing arm pain as a direct result of pitching, with twenty-six percent (25/98) of pitchers having to miss either a game or a pitching appearance. Twenty-seven percent (26/98) of all players went on to seek medical evaluation for arm discomfort due to pitching. Pitchers 13 years of age and older were more likely to throw curveballs and miss games because of throwing arm pain (p < 0.05).
Despite implementation and accessibility of safe pitching guidelines, a large portion of those surveyed were unaware or noncompliant with these established recommendations. Given the results of this study, further measures need to be taken to improve caregivers' understanding of current guidelines to help increase compliance and protect youth pitchers.
Cross-sectional survey study, 3b.
随着越来越多的运动员参与青少年棒球运动，上肢损伤也相应增加。随着与投球相关的损伤不断增多，棒球损伤预防指南的相关知识也在持续发展和明确。本研究的目的是评估青少年棒球运动员的看护人对安全投球指南的了解程度，并其次确定可能与运动员受伤风险增加相关的投球习惯。
向佛罗里达州中北部青少年棒球投手的看护人发放了一份包含22个问题的调查问卷，内容包括人口统计学数据、过头投球指南知识、投球历史、与过头投球相关的风险因素以及投球习惯。
无论投手的比赛经验如何，83%（81/98）的受访者都不知道存在安全投球指南（p>0.05）。一年中投球超过六个月的人在一次投球表现后明显更容易出现投掷手臂疼痛（p<0.05）。52%（51/98）的看护人回忆说他们的孩子因投球直接导致投掷手臂疼痛，26%（25/98）的投手不得不错过一场比赛或一次投球机会。所有球员中有27%（26/98）因投球导致手臂不适而寻求医学评估。13岁及以上的投手更有可能投出曲线球并因投掷手臂疼痛而错过比赛（p<0.05）。
尽管有安全投球指南的实施且易于获取，但很大一部分受访者不知道或未遵守这些既定建议。鉴于本研究的结果，需要采取进一步措施来提高看护人对当前指南的理解，以帮助提高依从性并保护青少年投手。
横断面调查研究，3b级。
