Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia.
Adv Microb Physiol. 2021;78:179-216. doi: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2020.12.001. Epub 2021 Jan 25.
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the causative agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, is responsible for high economic losses in swine herds across the globe. Pleuropneumonia is characterized by severe respiratory distress and high mortality. The knowledge about the interaction between bacterium and host within the porcine respiratory tract has improved significantly in recent years. A. pleuropneumoniae expresses multiple virulence factors, which are required for colonization, immune clearance, and tissue damage. Although vaccines are used to protect swine herds against A. pleuropneumoniae infection, they do not offer complete coverage, and often only protect against the serovar, or serovars, used to prepare the vaccine. This review will summarize the role of individual A. pleuropneumoniae virulence factors that are required during key stages of pathogenesis and disease progression, and highlight progress made toward developing effective and broadly protective vaccines against an organism of great importance to global agriculture and food production.
猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌，引起猪传染性胸膜肺炎的病原体，是导致全球猪群经济损失的主要原因。传染性胸膜肺炎的特征是严重的呼吸困难和高死亡率。近年来，人们对猪呼吸道内细菌与宿主相互作用的认识有了显著提高。猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌表达多种毒力因子，这些毒力因子对于定植、免疫清除和组织损伤是必需的。尽管疫苗被用于保护猪群免受猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌感染，但它们不能提供完全的保护，而且通常仅能针对用于制备疫苗的血清型或血清型提供保护。本综述将总结在发病机制和疾病进展的关键阶段需要的单个猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌毒力因子的作用，并强调在开发针对这种对全球农业和食品生产具有重要意义的病原体的有效和广泛保护疫苗方面所取得的进展。
