Cohen Noa, Ebrahimi Yoram, Medvedovsky Mordekhay, Gurevitch Guy, Aizenstein Orna, Hendler Talma, Fahoum Firas, Gazit Tomer
Sagol Brain Institute, Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Front Neurol. 2021 Jun 3;12:658239. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.658239. eCollection 2021.
Polymicrogyria (PMG) is a common malformation of cortical development associated with a higher susceptibility to epileptic seizures. Seizures secondary to PMG are characterized by difficult-to-localize cerebral sources due to the complex and widespread lesion structure. Tracing the dynamics of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in patients with epilepsy has been shown to reveal the location of epileptic activity sources, crucial for successful treatment in cases of focal drug-resistant epilepsy. In this case series IED dynamics were evaluated with simultaneous EEG-fMRI recordings in four patients with unilateral peri-sylvian polymicrogyria (PSPMG) by tracking BOLD activations over time: before, during and following IED appearance on scalp EEG. In all cases, focal BOLD activations within the lesion itself preceded the activity associated with the time of IED appearance on EEG, which showed stronger and more widespread activations. We therefore propose that early hemodynamic activity corresponding to IEDs may hold important localizing information potentially leading to the cerebral sources of epileptic activity. IEDs are suggested to develop within a small area in the PSPMG lesion with structural properties obscuring the appearance of their electric field on the scalp and only later engage widespread structures which allow the production of large currents which are recognized as IEDs on EEG.
多小脑回畸形(PMG)是一种常见的皮质发育畸形,与癫痫发作的易感性较高相关。继发于PMG的癫痫发作,其特点是由于病变结构复杂且广泛,导致脑内癫痫源难以定位。对癫痫患者发作间期癫痫样放电(IED)动态变化的追踪,已被证明可以揭示癫痫活动源的位置,这对于局灶性耐药性癫痫的成功治疗至关重要。在这个病例系列中,通过在头皮脑电图上追踪血氧水平依赖(BOLD)激活随时间的变化,对4例单侧外侧裂周多小脑回畸形(PSPMG)患者进行同步脑电图-功能磁共振成像(EEG-fMRI)记录,来评估IED的动态变化:在头皮脑电图上IED出现之前、期间和之后。在所有病例中,病变本身内的局灶性BOLD激活先于脑电图上与IED出现时间相关的活动,后者显示出更强且更广泛的激活。因此,我们提出与IED相对应的早期血液动力学活动可能包含重要的定位信息,有可能找到癫痫活动的脑内起源。有人提出,IED在PSPMG病变内的一个小区域内形成,其结构特性掩盖了其电场在头皮上的表现,只有在后期才涉及广泛的结构,从而产生大电流,这些大电流在脑电图上被识别为IED。