Kliengchuay Wissanupong, Worakhunpiset Suwalee, Limpanont Yanin, Meeyai Aronrag Cooper, Tantrakarnapa Kraichat
Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2021 Jan 7;19(1):237-249. doi: 10.1007/s40201-020-00598-2. eCollection 2021 Jun.
Particulate matter (PM) has been occurring regularly during the dry season in the upper north of Thailand including Lamphun Province that might be influenced by various factors including climatologic and other pollutants. This paper aims to investigate the climatologic and gaseous factors influencing the occurrence of PM concentration using Pollution Control Department (PCD) data. The secondary data of 2009 to 2017 obtained from the PCD was used for analysis. We used descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression and graphic presentation using R program (R packages of 'open air' and 'ncdf4') and Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet®. In addition, the periodic measurement of PM and PM were investigated to determine the ratio of PM/PM. The results indicated that haze episodes (daily PM concentration always over the PCD standard) normally occur during the dry season from February to April. The maximum concentration was always found in March. The PM concentration was negatively associated with relative humidity and temperature while the PM concentration showed a strongly positive association with CO and NO concentration with correlation values of 0.70 and 0.57, respectively. Furthermore, we found CO and PM concentration was associated with ozone concentration. This finding will benefit local communities and the public health sector to provide a warning system for preparation and response plans to react to PM episodes in their responsible areas.
在泰国北部包括南奔府在内的地区，旱季期间经常出现颗粒物（PM），这可能受到包括气候和其他污染物在内的各种因素影响。本文旨在利用污染控制部门（PCD）的数据，调查影响PM浓度出现的气候和气态因素。分析使用了从PCD获得的2009年至2017年的二手数据。我们使用描述性统计、皮尔逊相关系数、多元回归，并使用R程序（“open air”和“ncdf4”的R包）和Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet®进行图形展示。此外，对PM和PM的定期测量进行了研究，以确定PM/PM的比率。结果表明，雾霾事件（每日PM浓度始终超过PCD标准）通常发生在2月至4月的旱季。最高浓度总是出现在3月。PM浓度与相对湿度和温度呈负相关，而PM浓度与CO和NO浓度呈强正相关，相关值分别为0.70和0.57。此外，我们发现CO和PM浓度与臭氧浓度有关。这一发现将有利于当地社区和公共卫生部门提供预警系统，以便在其负责区域内制定针对PM事件的准备和应对计划。
