Metabolic and hemodynamic effects of antihypertensive treatment with ketanserin.

Ketanserin, a serotonin-2-receptor antagonist, was administered to 12 subjects with mild to moderate hypertension in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. After 6 weeks of ketanserin (40 mg every 12 hours), blood pressures measured 12 hours after dosing were not significantly different from those obtained after placebo. However, 2 hours after ketanserin administration, supine systolic and diastolic blood pressures declined 11 +/- 10 mm Hg (P less than 0.01) and 6 +/- 5 mm Hg (P less than 0.005) from predose values, whereas placebo caused no change in either systolic or diastolic blood pressure. Except for a slight decline in serum prolactin levels 12 hours after dosing with ketanserin, no changes were observed in pituitary hormone levels, serum testosterone, plasma catecholamines, plasma renin activity, aldosterone, or lipoproteins. Stroke volume, measured 2 hours after dosing, increased with ketanserin therapy, but cardiac output, systemic resistance, and heart rate were unchanged. Ketanserin has a moderate antihypertensive effect and neutral metabolic-hormonal profile when used as monotherapy for the treatment of hypertension. However, further studies are needed to define the frequency of dosing that will provide 24 hours of antihypertensive activity.