Equip d'Atenció Primària Vic (EAPVIC), Vic, Barcelona, España.
Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
Med Clin (Barc). 2021 Aug 27;157(4):185-190. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2021.03.007. Epub 2021 May 6.
The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic poses numerous health challenges, including the adequate use and proper interpretation of the different available tests in different clinical settings. As any diagnostic test, those of SARS-CoV-2 have methodological limitations of sensitivity (S) and specificity (E), which eventually determine their positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive value. Furthermore, their diagnostic performance depends on the clinical context in which these tests are used, that is, on the pretest probability. This article: (1) reviews the main methodological aspects that influence the S, E, PPV and NPV of the most common SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests; and, (2) discusses its diagnostic interpretation in different clinical settings.
当前的 SARS-CoV-2 大流行带来了诸多健康挑战，包括在不同临床环境下充分利用和正确解读不同的现有检测手段。与任何诊断性检测一样，SARS-CoV-2 检测手段的敏感性（S）和特异性（E）存在方法学限制，这些限制最终决定了其阳性预测值（PPV）和阴性预测值（NPV）。此外，这些检测手段的诊断性能取决于其使用的临床环境，也就是检测前的概率。本文：（1）回顾了影响最常见 SARS-CoV-2 诊断性检测手段的 S、E、PPV 和 NPV 的主要方法学方面；以及，（2）讨论了其在不同临床环境下的诊断解读。
