Pathways towards Boosting Solar-Driven Hydrogen Evolution of Conjugated Polymers.

Photocatalytic H evolution under solar illumination has been considered to be a promising technology for green energy resources. Developing highly efficient photocatalysts for photocatalytic water splitting is long-term desired but still challenging. Conjugated polymers (CPs) have attracted ongoing attention and have been considered to be promising alternatives for solar-driven H production due to the excellent merits of the large π-conjugated system, versatile structures, tunable photoelectric properties, and well-defined chemical composites. The excellent merits have offered numerous methods for boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) of initial CP-based photocatalysts, whose apparent quantum yield is dramatically increased from <1 to >20% in recent five years. According to the photocatalytic mechanism, this review herein systematically summarizes three major strategies for boosting photocatalytic H production of CPs: 1) enhancing visible light absorption, 2) suppressing recombination of electron-hole pairs, and 3) boosting surface catalytic reaction, mainly involving eleven methods, that is, copolymerization, modifying cross-linker, constructing a donor-acceptor structure, functionalization, fabricating organic heterojunction, loading cocatalyst, and surface modification. Finally, the perspectives towards the future development of PHE are proposed.