Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Microbiology for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2021 Jul 7;69(26):7324-7333. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02753. Epub 2021 Jun 24.
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is one of the most critical insecticides in the world. However, many countries are gradually banning its use due to its reported hazardous impacts on humans. This study explored the possibility of reducing the environmental risk of CPF through appropriate agricultural management practices. Results showed that the environmental risk of CPF is lower under drainage conditions because there is more mineralization and less bound residues (BRs) than under submerged conditions. Bioaugmentation significantly enhanced the CPF mineralization and inhibited the formation of CPF-BRs. Biochar adsorbed CPF and thus reduced its bioavailability, but it could not completely eliminate the toxicity of CPF. In addition, bioaugmentation did not significantly affect the native microbial community of CPF-contaminated soil, suggesting its safety in reducing the environmental risk of CPF. The study indicated that the environmental risk of CPF could be reduced by appropriate agricultural management such as water management, bioaugmentation, soil biochar amendment, and selecting suitable soil types.
毒死蜱（CPF）是世界上最重要的杀虫剂之一。然而，由于其对人类有报道的危险影响，许多国家正在逐渐禁止使用它。本研究探讨了通过适当的农业管理措施降低 CPF 环境风险的可能性。结果表明，在排水条件下 CPF 的环境风险较低，因为与淹没条件相比，矿物化程度更高，束缚残留（BRs）更少。生物强化显著增强了 CPF 的矿化作用，并抑制了 CPF-BRs 的形成。生物炭吸附 CPF，从而降低其生物利用度，但不能完全消除 CPF 的毒性。此外，生物强化对 CPF 污染土壤的本地微生物群落没有显著影响，表明其在降低 CPF 环境风险方面是安全的。该研究表明，通过适当的农业管理措施，如水分管理、生物强化、土壤生物炭改良和选择合适的土壤类型，可以降低 CPF 的环境风险。
