Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Clin Cancer Res. 2021 Sep 15;27(18):5084-5095. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-0849. Epub 2021 Jun 24.
PURPOSE: Immunotherapies mediate the regression of human tumors through recognition of tumor antigens by immune cells that trigger an immune response. Mutations in the oncogenes occur in about 30% of all patients with cancer. These mutations play an important role in both tumor establishment and survival and are commonly found in hotspots. Discovering T-cell receptors (TCR) that recognize shared mutated RAS antigens presented on MHC class I and class II molecules are thus promising reagents for "off-the-shelf" adoptive cell therapies (ACT) following insertion of the TCRs into lymphocytes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In this ongoing work, we screened for RAS antigen recognition in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) or by stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). TCRs recognizing mutated RAS were identified from the reactive T cells. The TCRs were then reconstructed and virally transduced into PBLs and tested. RESULTS: Here, we detect and report multiple novel TCR sequences that recognize nonsynonymous mutant RAS hotspot mutations with high avidity and specificity and identify the specific class-I and -II MHC restriction elements involved in the recognition of mutant RAS. CONCLUSIONS: The TCR library directed against RAS hotspot mutations described here recognize RAS mutations found in about 45% of the Caucasian population and about 60% of the Asian population and represent promising reagents for "off-the-shelf" ACTs.
目的:免疫疗法通过免疫细胞识别肿瘤抗原来介导人类肿瘤的消退,这些免疫细胞触发免疫反应。大约 30%的癌症患者存在 癌基因的突变。这些突变在肿瘤的建立和存活中都起着重要作用,并且通常在热点区域发现。因此,发现能够识别 MHC I 类和 II 类分子上呈递的共享突变 RAS 抗原的 T 细胞受体(TCR),是插入 TCR 后进行“现成”过继细胞疗法(ACT)的有前途的试剂。
实验设计:在这项正在进行的工作中,我们筛选了肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(TIL)或通过外周血淋巴细胞(PBL)刺激中的 RAS 抗原识别。从反应性 T 细胞中鉴定出识别突变 RAS 的 TCR。然后将 TCR 进行重建并通过病毒转导到 PBL 中进行测试。
结果:在这里,我们检测并报告了多个新的 TCR 序列,它们以高亲和力和特异性识别非同义突变 RAS 热点突变,并鉴定了参与识别突变 RAS 的特定 I 类和 II 类 MHC 限制元件。
结论:本文描述的针对 RAS 热点突变的 TCR 文库识别出约 45%的白种人和约 60%的亚洲人群中存在的 RAS 突变,代表了“现成”ACT 的有前途的试剂。
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