Wert James, Farooq Aimen, Jalil Anum
Internal Medicine, AdventHealth Orlando, Orlando, USA.
Cureus. 2021 May 22;13(5):e15171. doi: 10.7759/cureus.15171.
Plasmacytomas are neoplasms of plasma cells that can involve the bone marrow, the bone itself, or soft tissue without bone marrow involvement. Extramedullary plasmacytomas are most commonly found in the upper respiratory tract in a total of 80% of all cases. Extramedullary plasmacytomas have also been documented in locations such as the central nervous system. This form of plasmacytoma may be seen as a solitary entity or in patients with multiple myeloma. We present a case of a 66-year-old female with a history of multiple myeloma on maintenance therapy with lenalidomide who has been experiencing gait imbalance for the past two months. The patient had a thoracic MRI done that revealed a mass at T7-8 with associated cord compression. She was taken for surgical intervention by neurosurgery. Pathology revealed trabecular bone and cartilage infiltrated by sheets of plasma cells highlighted by immunostaining CD138, monoclonal lambda light chains, consistent with a plasma cell neoplasm (plasmacytoma). The patient's hospital course was complicated by hypotension resulting in transient ischemic myelopathy that was addressed in the neuro-intensive care unit. The patient was then discharged to an inpatient rehabilitation center. She would follow up with her primary oncologist for localized radiation therapy.
浆细胞瘤是浆细胞的肿瘤,可累及骨髓、骨骼本身或不累及骨髓的软组织。髓外浆细胞瘤最常见于上呼吸道,占所有病例的80%。髓外浆细胞瘤也见于中枢神经系统等部位。这种浆细胞瘤形式可表现为孤立性病变,也可见于多发性骨髓瘤患者。我们报告一例66岁女性,有多发性骨髓瘤病史,正在接受来那度胺维持治疗,在过去两个月里一直步态失衡。患者进行了胸椎MRI检查,发现T7-8水平有一肿块,伴有脊髓受压。神经外科对其进行了手术干预。病理显示小梁骨和软骨被成片的浆细胞浸润,免疫染色CD138、单克隆λ轻链突出,符合浆细胞肿瘤(浆细胞瘤)。患者住院期间出现低血压,导致短暂性缺血性脊髓病,在神经重症监护病房得到处理。患者随后出院至住院康复中心。她将随访其主治肿瘤内科医生,接受局部放射治疗。