Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States.
Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States; University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2021 Aug;137:106029. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106029. Epub 2021 Jun 24.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the disruption of myeloid differentiation and accumulation of blast cells in the bone marrow. While AML patients respond favorably to induction chemotherapy, long-term outcomes remain poor due to a high rate of chemoresistance. Advances with targeted therapies, which can be used in combination with conventional chemotherapy, have expanded therapeutic options for patients. However, remission is often short-lived and followed by disease relapse and drug resistance. Therefore, there is a substantial need to improve treatment options by identifying novel molecular and cellular targets that regulate AML chemosensitivity. Membrane scaffolds such as the tetraspanin family of proteins often serve as signaling mediators, translating extracellular signaling cues into intracellular signaling cascades. In this review, we discuss the conventional and targeted treatment strategies for AML and review chemoresistance mechanisms with a focus on the tetraspanin family of membrane scaffold proteins.
急性髓系白血病（AML）的特征是髓系分化紊乱和骨髓中原始细胞的积累。尽管 AML 患者对诱导化疗反应良好，但由于化疗耐药率高，长期预后仍然不佳。靶向治疗的进展，可与常规化疗联合使用，为患者提供了更多的治疗选择。然而，缓解通常是短暂的，随后是疾病复发和耐药。因此，通过确定新的分子和细胞靶点来调节 AML 化疗敏感性，从而改善治疗选择具有重要意义。膜支架，如四跨膜蛋白家族的蛋白质，通常作为信号转导介质，将细胞外信号转导为细胞内信号级联反应。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 AML 的常规和靶向治疗策略，并回顾了化疗耐药机制，重点关注膜支架蛋白四跨膜蛋白家族。
