Abuse liability and clinical pharmacokinetics of alprazolam in alcoholic men.

The abuse liability of alprazolam was studied in 17 abstinent alcoholic and 12 control subjects. A single 1-mg oral dose of alprazolam was administered, and subjective effects were measured by scales modified from the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI). Multiple blood samples for alprazolam measurement were drawn over 48 hours. No statistically significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters were found between groups. Alcoholics had lower baseline scores on the ARCI-Morphine/Benzedrine Group Scale (euphoria) and had greater drug-induced changes than nonalcoholics. The findings suggest that alcoholics may be at high risk to abuse alprazolam because it has a positive mood effect not seen in nonalcoholics.