Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94800, France.
International Department, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94800, France.
Immunotherapy. 2021 Aug;13(11):953-964. doi: 10.2217/imt-2021-0042. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
Bladder cancer is the seventh most frequent cancer worldwide. The majority of patients present with nonmuscle invasive disease, while 20% of the patients are diagnosed with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The treatment of nonmuscle invasive disease is endoscopic resection followed by intravesical adjuvant treatment for high risk patients. The standard treatment of localized muscle-invasive disease is neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy. Platinum-based chemotherapy is the first-line treatment in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma as second-line treatment or first-line in platinum-ineligible patients. Recently, pembrolizumab have been approved in bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-refractory nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. This review summarizes the current evidence concerning immunotherapy in the treatment of urothelial carcinoma.
膀胱癌是全球第七大常见癌症。大多数患者表现为非肌肉浸润性疾病，而 20%的患者被诊断为肌肉浸润性膀胱癌。非肌肉浸润性疾病的治疗方法是内镜下切除，高危患者行膀胱内辅助治疗。局限性肌肉浸润性疾病的标准治疗方法是新辅助化疗，然后行根治性膀胱切除术。铂类化疗是局部晚期或转移性尿路上皮癌的一线治疗方法。免疫检查点抑制剂已被批准用于转移性尿路上皮癌的二线或铂类药物不耐受患者的一线治疗。最近，pembrolizumab 已被批准用于卡介苗（BCG）难治性非肌肉浸润性膀胱癌。这篇综述总结了目前关于免疫疗法治疗尿路上皮癌的证据。
