Feijó Anderson, Anacleto Teresa Cristina
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10001, China..
Coordenação de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Caixa Postal 08, 78690-000, Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso, Brazil..
Zootaxa. 2021 May 19;4974(1):4778. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4974.1.2.
Cabassous comprises armadillos lacking a full osteoderm cover in the tail, justifying its common name naked-tailed armadillos. In the only taxonomic revision of the genus, in 1980, four living species were recognized, including a polytypic taxon with two subspecies. Recent studies have questioned this classification, but a comprehensive taxonomic review is lacking. Here, we revise the taxonomy of the genus Cabassous using complementary morphological approaches and clarify the geographical limits of naked-tailed armadillo species. Based on qualitative and quantitative analyses, we recognize five living species: C. centralis, C. chacoensis, C. squamicaudis, C. unicinctus, and C. tatouay. Most of the species can be easily differentiated using external or cranial traits, except C. centralis and C. unicinctus, which share several morphological features. The scutes pattern on the cephalic shield is an important diagnostic feature in naked-tailed armadillos and can be easily applied in field studies. Cabassous squamicaudis and C. unicinctus were previously treated as subspecies but we show they have conspicuous diagnostic traits, without mixture of characters even in closer contact. Cabassous species can be classified as open-dwellers (C. chacoensis and C. squamicaudis), forest-dwellers (C. centralis and C. unicinctus), or of more generalist habits (C. tatouay). We designate a lectotype for C. unicinctus to preserve its long-term nomenclature use.
裸尾犰狳属的犰狳尾巴上没有完整的骨板覆盖，这就是其俗名“裸尾犰狳”的由来。在1980年对该属进行的唯一一次分类修订中，确认了四个现存物种，包括一个有两个亚种的多型分类单元。最近的研究对这种分类提出了质疑，但缺乏全面的分类学综述。在这里，我们使用互补的形态学方法修订了裸尾犰狳属的分类，并明确了裸尾犰狳物种的地理界限。基于定性和定量分析，我们确认了五个现存物种：中央裸尾犰狳、查科裸尾犰狳、鳞尾裸尾犰狳、单带裸尾犰狳和塔托伊裸尾犰狳。除了中央裸尾犰狳和单带裸尾犰狳有一些共同的形态特征外，大多数物种可以通过外部或颅骨特征轻松区分。头部盾板上的鳞片图案是裸尾犰狳的一个重要诊断特征，可轻松应用于野外研究。鳞尾裸尾犰狳和单带裸尾犰狳以前被视为亚种，但我们表明它们有明显的诊断特征，即使在更密切接触时也没有特征混合。裸尾犰狳物种可分为开阔地栖息者（查科裸尾犰狳和鳞尾裸尾犰狳）、森林栖息者（中央裸尾犰狳和单带裸尾犰狳）或习性更具通用性的（塔托伊裸尾犰狳）。我们指定了单带裸尾犰狳的一个选模式标本，以保留其长期的命名用法。
