Leclerc-Mercier Stéphanie
Reference Center for Genodermatoses (MAGEC Center), Department of Pathology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Paris Centre University, 75015 Paris, France.
Dermatopathology (Basel). 2021 Jun 4;8(2):159-175. doi: 10.3390/dermatopathology8020022.
The onset of blisters in a neonate or an infant is often a source of great concern for both parents and physicians. A blistering rash can reveal a wide range of diseases with various backgrounds (infectious, genetic, autoimmune, drug-related, traumatic, etc.), so the challenge for the dermatologist and the pediatrician is to quickly determine the etiology, between benign causes and life-threatening disorders, for a better management of the patient. Clinical presentation can provide orientation for the diagnosis, but skin biopsy is often necessary in determining the cause of blister formations. In this article, we will provide information on the skin biopsy technique and discuss the clinical orientation in the case of a neonate or infant with a blistering eruption, with a focus on the histology for each etiology.
新生儿或婴儿出现水疱往往令家长和医生都极为担忧。水疱性皮疹可能揭示多种病因各异的疾病（感染性、遗传性、自身免疫性、药物相关性、创伤性等），因此皮肤科医生和儿科医生面临的挑战是迅速确定病因，区分良性病因和危及生命的疾病，以便更好地治疗患者。临床表现可为诊断提供线索，但在确定水疱形成的原因时，皮肤活检往往是必要的。在本文中，我们将提供有关皮肤活检技术的信息，并讨论新生儿或婴儿出现水疱性皮疹时的临床诊断思路，重点关注每种病因的组织学表现。
