Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil.
Laboratório de Análises Moleculares, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Tecnologias em Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Distrito Federal 72220-275, Brazil.
Nutrients. 2021 Jun 8;13(6):1969. doi: 10.3390/nu13061969.
High-protein diets (HPDs) are widely accepted as a way to stimulate muscle protein synthesis when combined with resistance training (RT). However, the effects of HPDs on adipose tissue plasticity and local inflammation are yet to be determined. This study investigated the impact of HPDs on glucose control, adipocyte size, and epididymal adipose inflammatory biomarkers in resistance-trained rats. Eighteen Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: normal-protein (NPD; 17% protein total dietary intake) and HPD (26.1% protein) without RT and NPD and HPD with RT. Trained groups received RT for 12 weeks with weights secured to their tails. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests, adipocyte size, and an array of cytokines were determined. While HPD without RT induced glucose intolerance, enlarged adipocytes, and increased TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL1-β levels in epididymal adipose tissue ( < 0.05), RT diminished these deleterious effects, with the HPD + RT group displaying improved blood glucose control without inflammatory cytokine increases in epididymal adipose tissue ( < 0.05). Furthermore, RT increased glutathione expression independent of diet ( < 0.05). RT may offer protection against adipocyte hypertrophy, pro-inflammatory states, and glucose intolerance during HPDs. The results highlight the potential protective effects of RT to mitigate the maladaptive effects of HPDs.
高蛋白饮食（HPD）与抗阻训练（RT）结合使用时，被广泛认为是刺激肌肉蛋白质合成的一种方法。然而，HPD 对脂肪组织可塑性和局部炎症的影响尚未确定。本研究旨在探讨 HPD 对经过抗阻训练的大鼠的葡萄糖控制、脂肪细胞大小和附睾脂肪炎症生物标志物的影响。将 18 只 Wistar 大鼠随机分为 4 组：正常蛋白（NPD；总膳食摄入量的 17%蛋白质）和无 RT 的 HPD（26.1%蛋白质）以及有 RT 的 NPD 和 HPD。训练组用尾巴上的重物进行 12 周的 RT。测定葡萄糖和胰岛素耐量试验、脂肪细胞大小以及一系列细胞因子。虽然无 RT 的 HPD 会导致葡萄糖不耐受、脂肪细胞增大以及附睾脂肪组织中 TNF-α、MCP-1 和 IL1-β 水平升高（<0.05），但 RT 减弱了这些有害影响，HPD+RT 组表现出改善的血糖控制，而附睾脂肪组织中的炎症细胞因子没有增加（<0.05）。此外，RT 增加了谷胱甘肽的表达，与饮食无关（<0.05）。RT 可能在 HPD 期间提供对脂肪细胞肥大、促炎状态和葡萄糖不耐受的保护。这些结果强调了 RT 的潜在保护作用，可以减轻 HPD 的适应性不良影响。
