Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center-New York Presbyterian Hospital, 710 W 168th Street, Neurological Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Department of Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jun 23;22(13):6716. doi: 10.3390/ijms22136716.
The emergence of immune-based treatments for cancer has led to a growing field dedicated to understanding and managing iatrogenic immunotoxicities that arise from these agents. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) can develop as isolated events or as toxicities affecting multiple body systems. In particular, this review details the neurological irAEs from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapies. The recognition and treatment of neurological irAEs has variable success, depending on the severity and nature of the neurological involvement. Understanding the involved mechanisms, predicting those at higher risk for irAEs, and establishing safety parameters for resuming cancer immunotherapies after irAEs are all important fields of ongoing research.
癌症免疫疗法的出现催生了一个日益壮大的领域，致力于理解和管理这些药物引发的医源性免疫毒性。免疫相关不良事件（irAEs）可能单独出现，也可能是影响多个身体系统的毒性。具体而言，本综述详细介绍了免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）和嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T 细胞免疫疗法的神经 irAEs。神经系统 irAEs 的识别和治疗效果因神经系统受累的严重程度和性质而异。了解涉及的机制、预测发生 irAEs 风险较高的人群以及确定发生 irAEs 后恢复癌症免疫疗法的安全参数，这些都是正在进行研究的重要领域。
