Guo Yi, Wang Yongfei, Zhao Shengdun
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
State Key Laboratory of Compressor Technology (Anhui Laboratory of Compressor Technology), Hefei 230031, China.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Jun 23;14(13):3505. doi: 10.3390/ma14133505.
Aluminum alloys have been widely used in various engineering applications due to their excellent physical properties such as low density, high strength and good cutting capacity. In this paper, the semi-solid thixotropic extrusion forming process is proposed to produce aluminum alloy 6063 shells for mobile phones. The effects of the operating parameters on the equivalent stress distribution, velocity field, temperature field, and the load of the top mould were investigated through numerical simulations. Optimal parameters were identified from the simulation results. The experiment was then conducted at these optimal parameters. The macromorphology and microstructure results of the mobile phone shells produced from the experiment are presented and discussed. It was found that the optimal process parameters for preparing aluminum alloy 6063 shell by the semi-solid thixotropic extrusion process were a billet temperature of 630 °C, mould temperature of 400 °C, and top mould speed of 10 mm/s. It was found that the mobile phone shells fabricated under the optimal operating conditions were fully filled with a clear outline and a smooth surface. The solid grains in the microstructure were small, uniform and nearly spherical. The average grain size of the microstructure for the product was obtained as 76.92 μm and the average shape factor was found as 0.76.
铝合金因其诸如低密度、高强度和良好切削性能等优异物理性能，已在各种工程应用中得到广泛使用。本文提出采用半固态触变挤压成型工艺来生产手机用6063铝合金外壳。通过数值模拟研究了操作参数对等效应力分布、速度场、温度场以及上模载荷的影响。从模拟结果中确定了最佳参数。然后在这些最佳参数下进行实验。展示并讨论了实验制备的手机外壳的宏观形貌和微观结构结果。结果发现，采用半固态触变挤压工艺制备6063铝合金外壳的最佳工艺参数为坯料温度630℃、模具温度400℃以及上模速度10mm/s。结果发现，在最佳操作条件下制造的手机外壳填充完全，轮廓清晰且表面光滑。微观结构中的固态晶粒细小、均匀且近乎球形。该产品微观结构的平均晶粒尺寸为76.92μm，平均形状因子为0.76。
