Willette Demian A, Navarrete-Forero Gabriela, Gold Zachary, Lizano Apollo Marco D, Gonzalez-Smith Leonardo, Sotil Giovanna
Biology Department, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA 90045-2659, USA.
Centro del Agua y Desarrollo Sustentable, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, 090902 Guayaquil, Ecuador.
Foods. 2021 Jun 19;10(6):1425. doi: 10.3390/foods10061425.
The decline in wild-caught fisheries paired with increasing global seafood demand is pushing the need for seafood sustainability to the forefront of national and regional priorities. Validation of species identity is a crucial early step, yet conventional monitoring and surveillance tools are limited in their effectiveness because they are extremely time-consuming and require expertise in fish identification. DNA barcoding methods are a versatile tool for the genetic monitoring of wildlife products; however, they are also limited by requiring individual tissue samples from target specimens which may not always be possible given the speed and scale of seafood operations. To circumvent the need to individually sample organisms, we pilot an approach that uses forensic environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to profile fish species composition from the meltwater in fish holds on industrial and artisanal fishing vessels in Ecuador. Fish identified genetically as present were compared to target species reported by each vessel's crew. Additionally, we contrasted the geographic range of identified species against the satellite-based fishing route data of industrial vessels to determine if identified species could be reasonably expected in the catch.
野生捕捞渔业的衰退，再加上全球海鲜需求的不断增加，使得海鲜可持续性的需求成为国家和地区优先事项的首要任务。物种身份验证是关键的早期步骤，然而传统的监测和监督工具效果有限，因为它们极其耗时，且需要鱼类识别方面的专业知识。DNA条形码方法是野生动物产品基因监测的通用工具；然而，它们也受到限制，因为需要从目标标本中获取个体组织样本，鉴于海鲜作业的速度和规模，这并非总是可行的。为了避免对生物体进行单独采样的需要，我们试点了一种方法，即使用法医环境DNA（eDNA）元条形码技术，对厄瓜多尔工业和手工渔船鱼舱中的融水进行鱼类物种组成分析。将通过基因鉴定出的存在的鱼类与每艘船的船员报告的目标物种进行比较。此外，我们将鉴定出的物种的地理范围与工业船只基于卫星的捕鱼路线数据进行对比，以确定在渔获物中是否可以合理预期会出现鉴定出的物种。
