LIFE Research Group, University Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Am J Prev Med. 2021 Sep;61(3):410-417. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.04.009. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
This study aims to investigate the individual and combined associations of physical activity, sedentary time, diet, and sleep at baseline on cardiorespiratory fitness at 24-month follow-up in adolescents.
The DADOS (Deporte, ADOlescencia y Salud) prospective cohort study was performed between 2015 and 2017. Analyses were conducted in 2020 and included 189 adolescents aged 13.9 (SD=0.3) years at baseline. Vigorous physical activity, total sedentary time, and sleep duration were evaluated by GENEActiv accelerometer. Sleep quality and adherence to a Mediterranean diet were evaluated by questionnaires. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by the 20-meter shuttle run test. A healthy lifestyle index was created by including positive scores for each individual behavior, and 3 categories of achievement (≤1, 2, ≥3) were established.
Performing high vigorous physical activity and low screen time at baseline were individually associated with the likelihood of achieving high cardiorespiratory fitness at follow-up (OR=3.33 and 3.09, respectively). ANCOVA indicated that adolescents with a healthy lifestyle index ≥3 at baseline showed higher cardiorespiratory fitness at follow-up than those with a healthy lifestyle index of 2 and ≤1 (74.4 [SE=1.5] vs 68.9 [SE=1.4] and 67.8 [SE=1.5] laps, respectively; p<0.01). Adolescents with a healthy lifestyle index ≥3 at baseline were more likely to have high cardiorespiratory fitness at follow-up (OR=3.10) than their peers with ≤1.
The results showed a cumulative impact of baseline health-related behaviors on cardiorespiratory fitness at 24-month follow-up in adolescents. These findings underline the key role of promoting a healthy lifestyle to improve adolescents' health.
本研究旨在探讨青少年基线时的体力活动、久坐时间、饮食和睡眠状况与 24 个月随访时心肺适能的个体和联合关联。
DADOS（运动、青少年和健康）前瞻性队列研究于 2015 年至 2017 年进行。分析于 2020 年进行，纳入了 189 名年龄为 13.9（SD=0.3）岁的青少年。通过 GENEActiv 加速度计评估剧烈体力活动、总久坐时间和睡眠时间。通过问卷评估睡眠质量和对地中海饮食的依从性。心肺适能通过 20 米穿梭跑测试进行评估。通过纳入每个个体行为的正分创建了健康生活方式指数，并建立了 3 个成就类别（≤1、2、≥3）。
基线时进行高强度体力活动和减少屏幕时间与随访时实现高心肺适能的可能性呈正相关（OR=3.33 和 3.09）。ANCOVA 表明，基线时健康生活方式指数≥3 的青少年在随访时的心肺适能更高，而健康生活方式指数为 2 和≤1 的青少年则更低（74.4[SE=1.5] 与 68.9[SE=1.4] 和 67.8[SE=1.5] 圈，分别；p<0.01）。基线时健康生活方式指数≥3 的青少年在随访时更有可能具有高心肺适能（OR=3.10），而健康生活方式指数≤1 的青少年则较少。
结果显示，基线时与健康相关的行为对青少年 24 个月随访时的心肺适能有累积影响。这些发现强调了促进健康生活方式以改善青少年健康的关键作用。
