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在有向网络的最终合作层次中,具有最高控制能力的节点起着重要作用。

Nodes with the highest control power play an important role at the final level of cooperation in directed networks.

机构信息

Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology (IUT), Isfahan, Iran.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2021 Jul 1;11(1):13668. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93144-5.

Abstract

Controllability of complex networks aims to seek the lowest number of nodes (the driver nodes) that can control all the nodes by receiving the input signals. The concept of control centrality is used to determine the power of each node to control the network. The more a node controls the nodes through connections in the network, the more it has the power to control. Although the cooperative and free-rider strategies and the final level of cooperation in a population are considered and studied in the public goods game. However, it is yet to determine a solution to indicate the effectiveness of each member in changing the strategies of the other members. In a network, the choice of nodes effective in changing the other nodes' strategies, as free-riders, will lead to lower cooperation and vice versa. This paper uses simulated and real networks to investigate that the nodes with the highest control power are more effective than the hubs, local, and random nodes in changing the strategies of the other nodes and the final level of cooperation. Results indicate that the nodes with the highest control power as free-riders, compared to the other sets being under consideration, can lead to a lower level of cooperation and are, therefore, more effective in changing the strategies of the other nodes. The obtained results can be considered in the treatment of cancer. So that, destroying the tumoral cells with the highest control power should be a priority as these cells have a higher capability to change the strategies of the other cells from cooperators to free-riders (healthy to tumoral).

摘要

复杂网络的可控性旨在寻找通过接收输入信号可以控制所有节点的最少节点(驱动节点)。控制中心性的概念用于确定每个节点控制网络的能力。节点通过网络中的连接控制的节点越多,它就越有能力控制网络。虽然公共物品博弈中考虑并研究了合作和搭便车策略以及群体中的最终合作水平。但是,尚未确定一个解决方案来表示每个成员在改变其他成员的策略方面的有效性。在网络中,选择作为搭便车者改变其他节点策略的有效节点会导致合作水平降低,反之亦然。本文使用模拟和真实网络来研究具有最高控制能力的节点比枢纽节点、局部节点和随机节点更有效地改变其他节点的策略和最终的合作水平。结果表明,作为搭便车者的具有最高控制能力的节点与其他节点相比,会导致更低的合作水平,因此更有效地改变其他节点的策略。所得结果可用于癌症治疗。因此,破坏具有最高控制能力的肿瘤细胞应该是优先事项,因为这些细胞具有更高的能力将其他细胞从合作者转变为搭便车者(健康到肿瘤)的策略。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9c84/8249622/dfea0c6e59f5/41598_2021_93144_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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