Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
J Sports Sci Med. 2021 Mar 8;20(2):258-267. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2021.258. eCollection 2021 Jun.
Stretching is commonly used to increase range of motion and flexibility. Therefore, investigations are usually oriented towards the muscle-tendon unit. Limited evidence exists regarding potential effects of stretching on peripheral nerves which lie within muscles. The objective of this investigation will be to elucidate the responses of peripheral nerves to stretching. A literature search was performed using the following databases: Scopus, NLM Pubmed and ScienceDirect. Studies regarding the effects of stretching protocols on responses of peripheral nerves were retrieved for investigation. The NHLBI tool was used for quality assessment. Outcomes included nerve stiffness, nerve displacement, pain pressure thresholds and resistive torque. A total of 10 studies were considered eligible and were included in this investigation. The quality assessment of the studies revealed an overall "fair to good" methodological quality across the included studies. All studies except for one involved healthy participants. High heterogeneity of stretching protocols was retrieved. As a consequence of stretching, nerve stiffness (-15.6%) and pain pressure thresholds (-1.9kg) increased. Nerve displacements on each movement plane for all the considered nerves and nerve deformation were also frequently observed. Peripheral nerve responses to muscle stretching include decreased nerve stiffness and increased pain pressure thresholds. Nerve displacement also frequently occurs. It is still unclear if reduced nerve displacement may lead to clinical outcomes. There is a lack of longitudinal studies regarding peripheral nerve adaptations to stretching.
拉伸通常用于增加运动范围和灵活性。因此，研究通常针对肌肉-肌腱单元。关于拉伸对位于肌肉内的周围神经的潜在影响的证据有限。本研究的目的将阐明周围神经对拉伸的反应。使用以下数据库进行了文献检索：Scopus、NLM Pubmed 和 ScienceDirect。检索了关于拉伸方案对周围神经反应影响的研究。使用 NHLBI 工具进行质量评估。结果包括神经硬度、神经位移、疼痛压力阈值和阻力扭矩。共有 10 项研究被认为符合条件并包含在本研究中。研究的质量评估显示，纳入的研究整体具有“良好到中等”的方法学质量。除了一项研究外，所有研究都涉及健康参与者。拉伸方案的高度异质性。由于拉伸，神经硬度（-15.6%）和疼痛压力阈值（-1.9kg）增加。还经常观察到每个运动平面上所有考虑的神经和神经变形的神经位移。肌肉拉伸对周围神经的反应包括神经硬度降低和疼痛压力阈值增加。神经位移也经常发生。神经位移减少是否会导致临床结果尚不清楚。关于周围神经对拉伸的适应的纵向研究还很缺乏。
