Noda Shota, Matsumoto Satomi, Kawasaki Naoko, Masaki Mina, Fukui Itaru, Kaiya Hisanobu
Panic Disorder Research Center, Warakukai Medical Corporation, 3-9-18 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-0052, Japan.
Tokyo Mindfulness Center, 3-9-18 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-0052, Japan.
Biopsychosoc Med. 2021 Jul 2;15(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s13030-021-00214-1.
Anxious-depressive attack (ADA) is a symptom complex that comprises sudden intense feelings of anxiety or depression, intrusive rumination of regretful memories or future worries, emotional distress due to painful thoughts, and coping behaviors to manage emotional distress. ADA has been observed trans-diagnostically across various psychiatric disorders. Although the importance of ADA treatment has been indicated, a scale to measure the severity of ADA has not been developed. This study aimed to develop an Anxious-Depressive Attack Severity Scale (ADAS) to measure the severity of ADA symptoms and examine its reliability and validity.
A total of 242 outpatients responded to a questionnaire and participated in an interview, which were designed to measure the severity of ADA, depressive, anxiety, anxious depression, and social anxiety symptoms. Based on the diagnostic criteria for ADA, 54 patients were confirmed to have ADA and were included in the main study analyses.
The exploratory factor analysis of the ADAS identified a two factor structure: severity of ADA symptoms and ADA frequency and coping behaviors. McDonald's ωt coefficients were high for the overall scale and the first factor (ωt = .78 and ωt = .83, respectively) but low for the second factor (ωt = .49). The ADAS score was significantly positively correlated with clinical symptoms related to anxiety and depression.
The present study demonstrated that the ADAS has sufficient reliability and validity; however, internal consistency was insufficient for the second factor. Overall, the ADAS has potential to be a valuable tool for use in clinical trials of ADA.
焦虑抑郁发作（ADA）是一种症状复合体，包括突然强烈的焦虑或抑郁情绪、对遗憾记忆或未来担忧的侵入性沉思、因痛苦想法导致的情绪困扰以及管理情绪困扰的应对行为。ADA已在各种精神疾病中被跨诊断观察到。尽管已表明ADA治疗的重要性，但尚未开发出一种衡量ADA严重程度的量表。本研究旨在开发一种焦虑抑郁发作严重程度量表（ADAS），以测量ADA症状的严重程度，并检验其信度和效度。
共有242名门诊患者回答了一份问卷并参与了一次访谈，这些问卷和访谈旨在测量ADA、抑郁、焦虑、焦虑抑郁和社交焦虑症状的严重程度。根据ADA的诊断标准，54名患者被确诊患有ADA，并被纳入主要研究分析。
ADAS的探索性因素分析确定了一个双因素结构：ADA症状的严重程度以及ADA的频率和应对行为。整个量表和第一个因素的麦克唐纳ωt系数较高（分别为ωt = 0.78和ωt = 0.83），但第二个因素的系数较低（ωt = 0.49）。ADAS得分与焦虑和抑郁相关的临床症状显著正相关。
本研究表明ADAS具有足够的信度和效度；然而，第二个因素的内部一致性不足。总体而言，ADAS有潜力成为ADA临床试验中一种有价值的工具。
