Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1215 21st Avenue South MCE, Suite 7209, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
University Michigan Health Systems, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2021 Aug;29(3):389-396. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2021.03.003.
Nerve substitution is an important tool in facial reanimation. The goal is to reinnervate the distal facial nerve and musculature using an alternative cranial nerve in order to achieve facial movement, symmetry, and tone. Multiple donor nerves have been used for nerve transfer procedures, the most common being hypoglossal, masseteric, and cross-facial nerve graft. Each donor nerve has its advantages and disadvantages. Multiinnervation uses the use of multiple donor nerves in order to leverage the benefits while balancing the pitfalls of each nerve. The nerve transfer depends on the type of nerve injury, time since injury, and patient factors.
神经替代是面部再活动的重要手段。目的是通过使用替代颅神经重新支配远端面神经和肌肉，以实现面部运动、对称和张力。已经使用了多种供体神经进行神经转移手术，最常见的是舌下神经、咬肌和跨面神经移植。每种供体神经都有其优点和缺点。多神经支配利用多种供体神经的优势，同时平衡每种神经的缺陷。神经转移取决于神经损伤的类型、受伤时间和患者因素。
