College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Res Vet Sci. 2021 Oct;139:4-10. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.06.019. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
Neutrophils largely contribute to the first line of defense against the invasion of pathogens. They kill pathogens basically by the following mechanisms: phagocytosis and proteolytic degradation, the release of enzymes with bactericidal activities, and the production of fibers to entrap pathogens, also known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs capture pathogens as a mechanism of immune protection and have been studied in-depth in various fields of human medicine. However, research about NETs in cattle is relatively scarce. The present article reviews the generation mechanisms, structural composition, signal pathways, advantages (and disadvantages) of NETs, and summarizes the latest findings of NETs in cattle health and disease.
中性粒细胞在抵御病原体入侵的第一道防线中起主要作用。它们通过以下机制杀死病原体：吞噬和蛋白水解降解、释放具有杀菌活性的酶，以及产生纤维来捕获病原体，也称为中性粒细胞胞外陷阱（NETs）。NETs 作为一种免疫保护机制捕获病原体，并在人类医学的各个领域得到了深入研究。然而，关于牛 NETs 的研究相对较少。本文综述了 NETs 的产生机制、结构组成、信号通路、优势（和劣势），并总结了 NETs 在牛健康和疾病方面的最新研究发现。
