Krisnan Rantan, Retnani Yuli, Tangendjaja Budi, Mutia Rita, Jayanegara Anuraga, Wina Elizabeth
Study Program of Nutrition and Feed Science, Graduate School of IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production, Bogor 16002, Indonesia.
Vet World. 2021 May;14(5):1109-1115. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1109-1115. Epub 2021 May 7.
The presence of free radicals may lower chicken's performance. Thus, the antioxidant defense is needed and can be made through a nutritional approach such as selenium supplementation before hatches. This study aimed to investigate the type of selenium that, as an feeding (IOF) material, can provide the most enhancement of immunity, villi surface area, and early growth performance of local chickens.
This study, with a completely randomized design, used 480 fertile Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB, a selected local breed) chicken eggs, with 120 eggs per treatment for four treatments. The four treatments of IOF material included the treatment with organic selenium yeast (SY), organic hydroxy-selenomethionine (HSM), inorganic sodium selenite (SS), and uninjected selenium (control). A solution containing 0.15 ppm of different selenium was injected into the egg amnion after 18 days of incubation. Once hatched, the chicks were placed in three individual cages for each treatment (capacity of eight birds per cage). The parameters observed were the villi surface area, antibody titer, the number of total and differentiated leucocytes, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity levels, and growth and feed efficiency of the early growth performance.
All the selenium feeding, except SS, significantly affected the villi surface area, antibody titer, and lymphocyte and heterophil percentages; however, the feedings were still not optimal for enhancing antibody titers and total and differentiated leukocytes. All types of selenium were demonstrated to increase the activity of GSH-Px significantly compared to the control treatment (p<0.05). Furthermore, the daily gain and feed conversion ratio of the groups treated with SY and HSM was significantly improved compared to that of the control group.
SY and HSM improve immunity significantly, villi surface areas and performance. Therefore, both types are the best nutrient ingredients of IOF for building immunity and producing good performance in chickens.
自由基的存在可能会降低鸡的生产性能。因此，需要抗氧化防御，并且可以通过营养途径来实现，比如在孵化前补充硒。本研究旨在探究作为种蛋内注射（IOF）材料的硒的类型，哪种能最大程度地增强本地鸡的免疫力、绒毛表面积和早期生长性能。
本研究采用完全随机设计，使用了480枚来自优质的巴厘巴板优质村鸡（KUB，一种选定的本地品种）的种蛋，每种处理120枚种蛋，共四种处理。种蛋内注射材料的四种处理包括有机硒酵母（SY）、有机羟基硒代蛋氨酸（HSM）、无机亚硒酸钠（SS）以及未注射硒（对照）。孵化18天后，将含有0.15 ppm不同硒的溶液注射到蛋的羊膜中。一旦孵化出雏鸡，每种处理的雏鸡被放置在三个单独的笼子里（每个笼子容纳八只鸡）。观察的参数包括绒毛表面积、抗体效价、总白细胞和分化白细胞的数量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性水平以及早期生长性能的生长和饲料效率。
除SS外，所有硒处理均显著影响绒毛表面积、抗体效价以及淋巴细胞和异嗜性粒细胞百分比；然而，这些处理在提高抗体效价以及总白细胞和分化白细胞方面仍未达到最佳效果。与对照处理相比，所有类型的硒均显著提高了GSH-Px的活性（p<0.05）。此外，与对照组相比，SY和HSM处理组的日增重和饲料转化率显著提高。
SY和HSM显著提高免疫力、绒毛表面积和生产性能。因此，这两种类型都是种蛋内注射用于增强鸡免疫力和产生良好生产性能的最佳营养成分。
