Yakut Nurhayat, Kepenekli Eda
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
North Clin Istanb. 2021 May 24;8(3):243-248. doi: 10.14744/nci.2021.59013. eCollection 2021.
The most common route of HIV infection in children is through perinatal transmission. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the characteristics of infants with HIV-infected mothers and perinatal HIV transmission.
We conducted a retrospective, single-center study of HIV-exposed infants in between December 2017 and October 2019 in a Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital.
A total of 18 infants were examined. All babies were born by cesarean section, and none of them were breastfed. Seventeen mothers were diagnosed with HIV before pregnancy. These mothers had received antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy, and their viral loads before delivery were negative. An antiretroviral prophylaxis with oral zidovudine was started in all infants within their 1 day of birth and continued for at least 6 weeks. All infants were tested for their HIV viral load within the first 48 h of birth, with negative results, and 12 infants were tested for anti-HIV antibodies at the 18 month, again with negative results. In this study, we determined that none of the infants had been infected with HIV.
Our findings highlight the importance of initiating ART for all HIV-infected pregnant women and the importance of protection modalities during pregnancy, delivery, and the postnatal period for the prevention of perinatal transmission of HIV.
儿童感染艾滋病毒最常见的途径是围产期传播。在本研究中，我们旨在评估感染艾滋病毒母亲的婴儿的特征以及围产期艾滋病毒传播情况。
我们对2017年12月至2019年10月期间在马尔马拉大学彭迪克培训与研究医院的艾滋病毒暴露婴儿进行了一项回顾性单中心研究。
共检查了18名婴儿。所有婴儿均通过剖宫产出生，且均未进行母乳喂养。17名母亲在怀孕前被诊断出感染艾滋病毒。这些母亲在怀孕期间接受了抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART），分娩前病毒载量为阴性。所有婴儿在出生后1天内开始口服齐多夫定进行抗逆转录病毒预防，并持续至少6周。所有婴儿在出生后48小时内检测了艾滋病毒载量；结果均为阴性，12名婴儿在18个月时检测了抗艾滋病毒抗体，结果同样为阴性。在本研究中，我们确定没有婴儿感染艾滋病毒。
我们的研究结果突出了对所有感染艾滋病毒的孕妇启动抗逆转录病毒疗法的重要性，以及在怀孕、分娩和产后期间采取保护措施对预防艾滋病毒围产期传播的重要性。
