Zhoushan Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Zhoushan, China.
Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Eur J Pediatr. 2022 Jan;181(1):133-141. doi: 10.1007/s00431-021-04173-1. Epub 2021 Jul 5.
To investigate the association of chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia diseases with infant growth in the first 36 months of life, we conducted a retrospective birth cohort of 31,734 children born in Zhoushan Maternal and Child Care Hospital between January 2001 and May 2018. Birthweight, gestational age, and infant growth (weight, height, weight/height-for-age Z score, the weight gain during childhood) were the main outcomes. The associations of chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia diseases with birth outcomes and infant growth at children's age of 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months were analyzed by multivariable regression models. Gestational hypertension, preeclampsia diseases, and chronic hypertension were significantly associated with lower birthweight and shorter gestational age. Both gestational hypertension and preeclampsia diseases were respectively inversely associated with weight, weight-for-age Z score, height, and height-for-age Z score of children in the whole sample and sub-sample data analysis from birth to the age of 36 months, although correction for birthweight rendered the associations nonsignificant. No significant association of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia diseases, and chronic hypertension with weight gain was found. Conclusion: The inverse associations of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia diseases with infant growth in early childhood were mainly mediated by the effect of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia diseases on lower birthweight. What is Known: • Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with increased risk of adverse birth outcomes. What is New: • Both gestational hypertension and preeclampsia were respectively inversely associated with physical development of offspring from birth to the age of 36 months. • Lower birthweight might be the mediator of the inverse associations of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia diseases with infant growth in early childhood.
为了研究慢性高血压、妊娠期高血压和子痫前期疾病与婴儿在生命的头 36 个月内的生长之间的关系，我们对 2001 年 1 月至 2018 年 5 月期间在舟山妇幼保健院出生的 31734 名儿童进行了回顾性出生队列研究。出生体重、胎龄和婴儿生长（体重、身高、体重/身高年龄 Z 评分、儿童期体重增加）是主要结果。采用多变量回归模型分析慢性高血压、妊娠期高血压和子痫前期疾病与出生结局以及儿童 3、6、12、18 和 24 个月时的婴儿生长之间的关系。妊娠期高血压、子痫前期疾病和慢性高血压与出生体重较低和胎龄较短显著相关。妊娠期高血压和子痫前期疾病分别与全样本和子样本数据分析中儿童的体重、体重年龄 Z 评分、身高和身高年龄 Z 评分呈负相关，尽管对出生体重进行校正后，这些关联不再显著。妊娠期高血压、子痫前期疾病和慢性高血压与体重增加之间没有显著关联。结论：妊娠期高血压和子痫前期疾病与儿童早期生长的负相关主要是由妊娠期高血压和子痫前期疾病对低出生体重的影响介导的。已知：• 妊娠高血压疾病与不良出生结局的风险增加有关。新发现：• 妊娠期高血压和子痫前期疾病分别与儿童从出生到 36 个月的身体发育呈负相关。• 低出生体重可能是妊娠期高血压和子痫前期疾病与儿童早期生长负相关的中介因素。
