性少数群体个体的少数群体压力、结构性污名与身体健康：检验关系的相对强度。
Minority Stress, Structural Stigma, and Physical Health Among Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals: Examining the Relative Strength of the Relationships.
机构信息
Department of Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Alliance Health Project, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
出版信息
Ann Behav Med. 2022 Jun 29;56(6):573-591. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaab051.
BACKGROUND
Sexual and gender minority (SGM; i.e., non-heterosexual and transgender or gender-expansive, respectively) people experience physical health disparities attributed to greater exposure to minority stress (experiences of discrimination or victimization, anticipation of discrimination or victimization, concealment of SGM status, and internalization of stigma) and structural stigma.
PURPOSE
To examine which components of minority stress and structural stigma have the strongest relationships with physical health among SGM people.
METHODS
Participants (5,299 SGM people, 1,902 gender minority individuals) were from The Population Research in Identity and Disparities for Equality (PRIDE) Study. Dominance analyses estimated effect sizes showing how important each component of minority stress and structural stigma was to physical health outcomes.
RESULTS
Among cisgender sexual minority women, transmasculine individuals, American Indian or Alaskan Native SGM individuals, Asian SGM individuals, and White SGM individuals a safe current environment for SGM people had the strongest relationship with physical health. For gender-expansive individuals and Black, African American, or African SGM individuals, the safety of the environment for SGM people in which they were raised had the strongest relationship with physical health. Among transfeminine individuals, victimization experiences had the strongest relationship with physical health. Among Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish individuals, accepting current environments had the strongest relationship with physical health. Among cisgender sexual minority men prejudice/discrimination experiences had the strongest relationship with physical health.
CONCLUSION
Safe community environments had the strongest relationships with physical health among most groups of SGM people. Increasing safety and buffering the effects of unsafe communities are important for SGM health.
背景
性少数群体（SGM；即非异性恋和跨性别或性别扩展）的人由于面临更多的少数群体压力（歧视或受害经历、对歧视或受害的预期、对 SGM 身份的隐瞒以及污名内化）和结构性污名，而存在身体健康差异。
目的
检验少数群体压力和结构性污名的哪些成分与 SGM 人群的身体健康关系最密切。
方法
参与者（5299 名 SGM 人群，1902 名性别少数个体）来自身份和差异的人口研究以促进平等（PRIDE）研究。主导分析估计了效应大小，显示少数群体压力和结构性污名的每个成分对身体健康结果的重要程度。
结果
在顺性别性少数女性、跨男性个体、美洲印第安人或阿拉斯加原住民 SGM 个体、亚洲 SGM 个体和白人 SGM 个体中，SGM 人群的当前安全环境与身体健康关系最密切。对于性别扩展个体和黑人、非裔美国人或非裔 SGM 个体，他们成长环境中 SGM 人群的安全环境与身体健康关系最密切。在跨女性个体中，受害经历与身体健康关系最密切。在西班牙裔、拉丁裔或西班牙语个体中，接受当前环境与身体健康关系最密切。在顺性别性少数男性中，偏见/歧视经历与身体健康关系最密切。
结论
在大多数 SGM 人群中，安全的社区环境与身体健康关系最密切。增加安全性并缓冲不安全社区的影响对 SGM 健康很重要。
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