J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2021 Jul;59(7):7-12. doi: 10.3928/02793695-20210611-04. Epub 2021 Jul 1.
The positive symptoms of schizophrenia are usually treated with oral antipsychotics despite high rates of nonadherence leading to relapse and rehospitalization. Seven long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics are currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for maintenance treatment of schizophrenia. These medications reduce the risk for nonadherence and relapse, yet relatively few clinicians prescribe them. All LAI anti-psychotics are equally effective in treating the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Dosing requirements, dosing frequencies, and what clinicians should consider in choosing a LAI antipsychotic for a specific patient are discussed. Communication strategies that help patients and families understand what they need to know about schizophrenia and its treatment to share in the decision-making process are also provided. [(7), 7-12.].
尽管抗精神病药口服制剂的高不依从率会导致精神分裂症复发和再住院，但精神分裂症的阳性症状通常还是用口服抗精神病药来治疗。目前，美国食品药品监督管理局批准了 7 种长效注射（LAI）抗精神病药，用于精神分裂症的维持治疗。这些药物降低了不依从和复发的风险，但相对较少的临床医生开这些药。所有 LAI 抗精神病药在治疗精神分裂症的阳性症状方面同样有效。本文讨论了 LAI 抗精神病药的剂量要求、给药频率，以及临床医生在为特定患者选择 LAI 抗精神病药时应考虑的因素。本文还提供了一些沟通策略，帮助患者及其家属了解他们需要了解的精神分裂症及其治疗的知识，以便共同参与决策过程。[(7)，7-12]。
