Program in Environmental and Occupational Health, Oregon State University College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
Program in Epidemiology, Oregon State University College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
J Agromedicine. 2022 Jul;27(3):284-291. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2021.1944416. Epub 2021 Jul 6.
Commercial fishing is a high-risk occupation, yet there is a lack of surveillance documenting health conditions, health behaviors, and health care coverage among US fishermen. We used publicly available data sources to identify exposures and health outcomes common among fishermen. We utilized the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-Worker Health Charts to estimate the prevalence of general exposures, psychosocial exposures, health behaviors, and health conditions from the national surveys National Health Interview Survey - Occupational Health Supplement (NHIS-OHS, 2015) and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) (2013-2015). We compared fishing workers with both agricultural workers and all-workers. Fishermen commonly reported general exposures, psychosocial exposures, non-standard work arrangements, frequent night shifts, and shift work. The prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome (33%) and severe low-back pain (27%) was also high. Smoking (45%) and second-hand smoke exposure (25%) were widespread, and 21% reported no health care coverage. National household surveys such as NHIS-OHS, and BRFSS can be utilized to describe the health status of fishermen. This workforce would benefit from increased access to health care and health promotion programs. More comprehensive evaluations of existing data can help to identify occupation-specific health challenges.
商业捕鱼是一项高风险的职业，但缺乏监测记录美国渔民的健康状况、健康行为和医疗保险覆盖情况。我们使用公开可用的数据源来确定渔民中常见的暴露和健康结果。我们利用国家职业安全与健康研究所-工人健康图表，从全国性调查国家健康访谈调查-职业健康补充调查（NHIS-OHS，2015 年）和行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）（2013-2015 年）中估计一般暴露、心理社会暴露、健康行为和健康状况的流行率。我们将捕鱼工人与农业工人和所有工人进行了比较。渔民普遍报告了一般暴露、心理社会暴露、非标准工作安排、频繁的夜班和轮班工作。腕管综合征（33%）和严重腰痛（27%）等肌肉骨骼疾病的患病率也很高。吸烟（45%）和二手烟暴露（25%）很普遍，21%的人没有医疗保险。NHIS-OHS 和 BRFSS 等全国性家庭调查可以用来描述渔民的健康状况。这个劳动力群体将受益于更多获得医疗保健和健康促进计划的机会。更全面地评估现有数据可以帮助确定特定职业的健康挑战。
