Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100089, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100089, China.
Exp Eye Res. 2021 Sep;210:108696. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108696. Epub 2021 Jul 3.
Studies have reported that the incidence of ocular discomfort in people who often wear makeup is higher than that in the normal population. The incidence of ocular discomfort of these people may be also related to the daily ocular exposure to chemical surfactants during cleaning. The objectives of this study were to explore morphological and pathological changes in the murine ocular surface after low-dose repeated exposure to disodium cocoamphodiacetate (DC), a kind of chemical surfactant widely used in personal cleaning products, and to investigate the possible mechanisms. DC was administered in low dose (0.1%) to the ocular surface of C56BL/6 once daily for two weeks. We found that there were an increase of sodium fluorescein staining on the cornea, a significant thinning of corneal epithelial thickness, and increased TUNEL-positive cells in corneal epithelium in vivo. DC treatment also modulated the distribution of K14 and P63 epithelia from the limbal to the center on the cornea. In cultured murine corneal epithelial progenitor cell line (TKE2), DC treatment induced cell detachment and decreased the activation of Ak strain transforming protein (AKT), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). And DC increased TUNEL-positive cells in vitro with increased expression of cleaved Caspase3 and B-cell lymphoma-2 associated X protein (Bax). Our results indicated that repeated low-dose DC exposure on ocular surface caused significant impairment on the structure and viability of the corneal epithelium by inhibiting epithelial proliferation and inducing apoptosis. It provides the foundations to understand the harmful effects of cleaning products daily exposure on the ocular surface.
研究报道称，经常化妆的人眼部不适的发生率高于正常人群。这些人眼部不适的发生率也可能与日常清洁时眼部反复接触化学表面活性剂有关。本研究旨在探讨在低剂量重复暴露于二椰油酰基二甲基乙内酰脲（DC）后，一种广泛用于个人清洁产品的化学表面活性剂对小鼠眼表的形态和病理变化，并探讨其可能的机制。将 DC 以低剂量（0.1%）每日一次施用于 C56BL/6 眼部表面，持续两周。我们发现，体内角膜荧光素钠染色增加，角膜上皮厚度显著变薄，角膜上皮中 TUNEL 阳性细胞增多。DC 处理还调节了角膜上从角膜缘到中心的 K14 和 P63 上皮的分布。在培养的小鼠角膜上皮祖细胞系（TKE2）中，DC 处理诱导细胞脱落，并降低 Ak 株转化蛋白（AKT）和细胞外信号调节激酶（ERK）的激活。并且 DC 在体外增加 TUNEL 阳性细胞，同时增加 cleaved Caspase3 和 B 细胞淋巴瘤-2 相关 X 蛋白（Bax）的表达。我们的研究结果表明，反复低剂量 DC 暴露于眼表面会通过抑制上皮细胞增殖和诱导细胞凋亡而导致角膜上皮结构和活力显著受损。这为理解日常清洁产品暴露对眼表的有害影响提供了基础。
