Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1468 Madison Avenue, Annenberg Building Room 5-12, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, 5 East 98th Street, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Clin Liver Dis. 2021 Aug;25(3):493-516. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2021.03.010. Epub 2021 May 27.
Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a clinical syndrome of jaundice, abdominal pain, and anorexia due to prolonged heavy alcohol intake, and is associated with alterations in gene expression, cytokines, immune response, and the gut microbiome. Currently, we have limited biomarkers to diagnose and prognosticate in AH, but there are many novel noninvasive biomarkers under development. We evaluate the currently used algorithms to risk-stratify in AH (such as the Maddrey modified discriminant function), and discuss novel biomarkers in development, such as breath biomarkers, microRNAs, cytokeratin-18 fragments, and the AshTest. We also review the characteristics of an ideal biomarker in AH.
酒精性肝炎（AH）是由于长期大量饮酒引起的黄疸、腹痛和食欲不振的临床综合征，与基因表达、细胞因子、免疫反应和肠道微生物组的改变有关。目前，我们用于诊断和预测 AH 的生物标志物有限，但有许多新的非侵入性生物标志物正在开发中。我们评估了目前用于 AH 风险分层的算法（如 Maddrey 改良判别函数），并讨论了正在开发中的新型生物标志物，如呼吸生物标志物、microRNAs、细胞角蛋白 18 片段和 AshTest。我们还回顾了 AH 中理想生物标志物的特征。
