Department of Psychosocial Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Japan.
Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Japan.
Pediatr Int. 2022 Jan;64(1):e14913. doi: 10.1111/ped.14913. Epub 2021 Dec 18.
Few studies have used direct reports by children to assess how the rights documented in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) have been affected during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Data were obtained from the CORONA-CODOMO Survey, a web-based survey conducted from April to May 2020 in Japan, targeting children aged 7-17 and parents/guardians of children aged 0-17. We focused on self-reports from children, including two open-ended questions asking their needs and opinions. The results were analyzed according to the five categories of rights defined by the CRC: education, health, safety, play, and participation.
Among the 2,591 children who participated in the survey, 1,292 children (49.9%) answered at least one of the two open-ended questions. The most frequent concern was COVID-19 infecting members of their families (78.2%), followed by the inability to see their friends (74.3%). There were 1,523 direct comments from children. The comments covered a wide range of the rights in the CRC, including reopening of schools, disparities in education, access to health information, alternatives for playing and seeing friends, and needs for participation and being heard. Few comments were related to safety whereas a certain proportion of children were victimized within households.
Our results suggest that the rights outlined in the CRC have been restricted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health and educational professionals working with children and policymakers should introduce the rights-based approach to protect the best interests of children during and after the pandemic.
很少有研究使用儿童的直接报告来评估在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，《联合国儿童权利公约》（CRC）所记录的权利受到了怎样的影响。
数据来自 CORONA-CODOMO 调查，这是一项于 2020 年 4 月至 5 月在日本进行的基于网络的调查，针对 7-17 岁的儿童和 0-17 岁儿童的父母/监护人。我们重点关注儿童的自我报告，包括两个开放式问题，询问他们的需求和意见。结果根据 CRC 定义的五个权利类别进行分析：教育、健康、安全、游戏和参与。
在 2591 名参与调查的儿童中，有 1292 名儿童（49.9%）回答了两个开放式问题中的至少一个。最常见的担忧是 COVID-19 感染其家庭成员（78.2%），其次是无法见到朋友（74.3%）。有 1523 条来自儿童的直接评论。这些评论涵盖了 CRC 中的一系列权利，包括学校重新开放、教育差距、获取健康信息、替代玩耍和见朋友的方式，以及参与和被倾听的需求。很少有评论涉及安全问题，而家庭内部的一些儿童确实受到了伤害。
我们的结果表明，在 COVID-19 大流行期间，CRC 中概述的权利受到了限制。与儿童一起工作的卫生和教育专业人员以及政策制定者应引入基于权利的方法，在大流行期间和之后保护儿童的最佳利益。
