School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, PR China.
College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2021 Dec;285:131428. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131428. Epub 2021 Jul 4.
Disposal of the high volume of produced water (PW) is a big challenge to the oil and gas industry. High cost of conventional treatment facilities, increasing energy prices and environmental concern had focused governments and the industry itself on more efficient treatment methods. Bioelectrochemical system (BES) has attracted the attention of researchers because it represents a sustainable way to treat wastewater. This is the first review that summarizes the progress done in PW-fed BESs with a critical analysis of the parameters that influence their performances. Inoculum, temperature, hydraulic retention time, external resistance, and the use of real or synthetic produced water were found to be deeply related to the performance of BES. Microbial fuel cells are the most analyzed BES in this field followed by different types of microbial desalination cells. High concentration of sulfates in PW suggests that most of hydrocarbons are removed mainly by using sulfates as terminal electron acceptor (TEA), but other TEAs such as nitrate or metals can also be employed. The use of real PW as feed in experiments is highly recommended because biofilms when using synthetic PW are not the same. This review is believed to be helpful in guiding the research directions on the use of BES for PW treatment, and to speed up the practical application of BES technology in oil and gas industry.
处理大量产生的水（PW）是石油和天然气行业面临的一大挑战。传统处理设施成本高、能源价格不断上涨以及对环境的关注，促使政府和行业自身更加关注更有效的处理方法。生物电化学系统（BES）引起了研究人员的关注，因为它代表了一种处理废水的可持续方法。这是第一篇综述，总结了 PW 喂养 BES 的进展，并对影响其性能的参数进行了批判性分析。接种物、温度、水力停留时间、外接电阻以及实际或合成产生的水的使用与 BES 的性能密切相关。微生物燃料电池是该领域分析最多的 BES，其次是不同类型的微生物淡化电池。PW 中高浓度的硫酸盐表明，大多数碳氢化合物主要通过使用硫酸盐作为末端电子受体（TEA）来去除，但也可以使用其他 TEA，如硝酸盐或金属。强烈建议在实验中使用实际 PW 作为进料，因为使用合成 PW 时生物膜是不同的。相信这篇综述有助于指导 BES 在 PW 处理中的研究方向，并加快 BES 技术在石油和天然气行业的实际应用。
