Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
Infectious Disease Research Institute (IDRI), Seattle, WA, United States.
Front Immunol. 2021 Jun 25;12:683157. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.683157. eCollection 2021.
Amebiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by a. Although the disease burden varies geographically, amebiasis is estimated to account for some 55,000 deaths and millions of infections globally per year. Children and travelers are among the groups with the greatest risk of infection. There are currently no licensed vaccines for prevention of amebiasis, although key immune correlates for protection have been proposed from observational studies in humans. We previously described the development of a liposomal adjuvant formulation containing two synthetic TLR ligands (GLA and 3M-052) that enhanced antigen-specific fecal IgA, serum IgG2a, a mixed IFNγ and IL-17A cytokine profile from splenocytes, and protective efficacy following intranasal administration with the LecA antigen. By applying a statistical design of experiments (DOE) and desirability function approach, we now describe the optimization of the dose of each vaccine formulation component (LecA, GLA, 3M-052, and liposome) as well as the excipient composition (acyl chain length and saturation; PEGylated lipid:phospholipid ratio; and presence of antioxidant, tonicity, or viscosity agents) to maximize desired immunogenicity characteristics while maintaining physicochemical stability. This DOE/desirability index approach led to the identification of a lead candidate composition that demonstrated immune response durability and protective efficacy in the mouse model, as well as an assessment of the impact of each active vaccine formulation component on protection. Thus, we demonstrate that both GLA and 3M-052 are required for statistically significant protective efficacy. We also show that immunogenicity and efficacy results differ in female male mice, and the differences appear to be at least partly associated with adjuvant formulation composition.
阿米巴病是一种被忽视的热带病,由溶组织内阿米巴引起。尽管疾病负担在地理上有所不同,但据估计,每年全球有 5.5 万人死于阿米巴病,数百万人感染。儿童和旅行者是感染风险最大的群体之一。目前尚无预防阿米巴病的许可疫苗,尽管从人类观察性研究中提出了针对保护的关键免疫相关因素。我们之前描述了一种含有两种合成 TLR 配体(GLA 和 3M-052)的脂质体佐剂配方的开发,该配方增强了抗原特异性粪便 IgA、血清 IgG2a、来自脾细胞的混合 IFNγ和 IL-17A 细胞因子谱,并在鼻腔内给予 LecA 抗原后具有保护效力。通过应用统计实验设计 (DOE) 和理想函数方法,我们现在描述了优化每种疫苗配方成分(LecA、GLA、3M-052 和脂质体)以及赋形剂组成(酰基链长和饱和度;聚乙二醇化脂质:磷脂比;抗氧化剂、渗透压或粘度剂的存在)的剂量,以最大限度地提高所需的免疫原性特征,同时保持物理化学稳定性。这种 DOE/理想指数方法确定了一种领先候选配方,该配方在小鼠模型中显示出持久的免疫反应和保护效力,并评估了每个活性疫苗配方成分对保护的影响。因此,我们证明 GLA 和 3M-052 都是统计学上显著保护效力所必需的。我们还表明,免疫原性和疗效结果在雌性和雄性小鼠中不同,并且差异似乎至少部分与佐剂配方组成有关。
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