[Combined PCL ligament bracing and ACL reconstruction in acute knee dislocation (Schenck IV) - The Hamburg Approach : Video article].

OBJECTIVE

Stepwise reconstruction of knee stability and physiological kinematics in acute knee dislocation.

INDICATIONS

The operative technique is demonstrated in a case of multiligamentous injury of the knee with involvement of both cruciate ligaments and additional medial and lateral peripheral injuries (type IV according to Schenck classification).

CONTRAINDICATIONS

Critical soft tissue conditions, infections, old age, obesity, lack of compliance.

SURGICAL TECHNIQUE

Time-limited arthroscopy in order to primarily identify and treat posterior horn/root injuries of the meniscus and concomitant intra-articular injuries. Anatomical placement of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) drill wires for later ACL tunnel drilling is arthroscopically guided. Subsequent conversion to an anteromedial arthrotomy and ligament bracing of the posterior cruciate ligament. The ACL is reconstructed using the ipsilateral semitendinosus tendon. Medial and lateral peripheral injures are anatomically reconstructed followed by a posterolateral augmentation in a technique described by Arciero.

FOLLOW-UP: Limited weight bearing for 6 weeks and stepwise increase of flexion using a standard knee brace and close clinical monitoring.

EVIDENCE

Ligament bracing of both cruciate ligaments is an established treatment technique in acute knee dislocations and has been proven to achieve good to excellent clinical results. In an ongoing clinical study primary ACL reconstruction as a modified treatment approach indicated superior stability in a 12-month follow-up in patients with acute knee dislocations.