Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, 300387, Tianjin, PR China; School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, Tianjin, PR China.
PowerChina Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited, 300387, Guiyang, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2021 Dec;285:131435. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131435. Epub 2021 Jul 5.
Nano zero-valent iron (NZVI) with high chemical reactivity and environmental friendliness had recently become one of the most efficient technologies for wastewater restoration. However, the unitary NZVI system had not met practical requirements for wastewater treatments. Expectantly, the development of NZVI would prefer multifunctional NZVI-based composites, which could be prepared and optimized by the combined methods and technologies. Consequently, a systematic and comprehensive summary from the perspective of multifunctional NZVI-composite had been conducted. The results demonstrated that the advantages of various systems were integrated by multifunctional NZVI-composite systems with a more significant performance of pollutant removal than those of the bare NZVI and its composites. Simultaneously, characteristics of the product prepared by the incorporation of numerous methods were superior to those by a simple method, resulting in the increase of the entirety efficiency. By comparison with other preparation methods, the ball milling method with higher production and field application potential was worthy of attention. After combining multiple technologies, the effect of NZVI and its composite systems could be dramatically strengthened. Preparation technology parameters and treatment effect of contaminants could be further optimized using more comprehensive experimental designs and mathematical models. The mechanism of the multifunctional NZVI system for contaminants treatment was primarily focused on adsorption, oxidation, reduction and co-precipitation. Multiple techniques were combined to enhance the dispersion, alleviating passivation, accelerating electron transfer efficiency or mass transfer action for optimizing the effect of NZVI composites.
纳米零价铁（NZVI）具有高化学反应活性和环境友好性，最近已成为废水修复最有效的技术之一。然而，单一的 NZVI 系统尚未满足废水处理的实际要求。预计 NZVI 的发展将倾向于多功能 NZVI 基复合材料，这些复合材料可以通过组合方法和技术来制备和优化。因此，从多功能 NZVI 复合材料的角度对其进行了系统和全面的总结。结果表明，多功能 NZVI 复合材料系统通过整合各种系统的优势，表现出比裸 NZVI 及其复合材料更显著的去除污染物的性能。同时，通过多种方法结合制备的产品的特性优于通过简单方法制备的产品，从而提高了整体效率。与其他制备方法相比，具有更高生产和现场应用潜力的球磨法值得关注。通过结合多种技术，可以显著增强 NZVI 及其复合系统的效果。通过更全面的实验设计和数学模型，可以进一步优化 NZVI 及其复合系统处理污染物的制备技术参数和处理效果。多功能 NZVI 系统处理污染物的机制主要集中在吸附、氧化、还原和共沉淀上。通过结合多种技术，可以增强分散性，缓解钝化，加速电子传递效率或传质作用，从而优化 NZVI 复合材料的效果。
